Replication and Assembly of Human Papillomaviruses

Conway, Michael J.; Meyers, Craig

doi:10.1177/0022034509333446

Cited by 118 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 127 publications

(260 reference statements)

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“…To assemble the viral capsids, the pentamers join to copies of L2, which occludes the center of each pentavalent capsomere. 23,24 Thus, each virion contains 72 copies of L1, the major component of the capsid, and a variable number of copies of L2, the secondary component of the viral capsid, to form a particle approximately 50-60 nm in diameter. 25,26 The genome of HPV contains approximately 8000 base pairs and harbors an average of eight open reading frames, divided into three regions.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Hpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once activated, the late promoter directs transcription from a heterogeneous set of start sites and will serve to produce a set of transcripts that facilitate the translation of L1 and L2 proteins. 24,33 Activation of the late promoter is accompanied by acceleration of viral DNA replication and by high levels of viral protein expression. As a result, the virus copy number amplifies from 50 copies to several thousands of copies per cell.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Hpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biology and natural history of human papillomavirus infection

Fernandes¹,

Araújo²,

Fernandes³

2013

OAJCT

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. It has been proposed that the great majority of women and men have been infected with HPV at least once during their lifetime. HPV infection is associated with a variety of clinical conditions, ranging from benign lesions to cervical cancer. In most cases, the infection is transient, where most of the individuals are healing, eliminating the virus without the presence of any clinical manifestation. Actually, more than 120 HPV types have been cataloged, of which approximately 40 can infect the mucosa of the anogenital tract and are collectively known as mucosal HPV, which are classified based on their oncogenic potential as either low-or high-risk HPV types. The low-risk HPV type causes benign hyperproliferative lesions or genital warts, with a very limited tendency for malignant progression, while the high-risk HPV type is strongly associated with premalignant and malignant cervical lesions. The HPV cycle initiates when the virus gains access to undifferentiated cells of the basement membrane of the squamous columnar junction epithelium of the ectocervix, after these regions are exposed to mechanical or chemical trauma. The basal cells in the transformation zone retain the ability to differentiate, a property required for virion production. Cervical infection with high-risk HPV typically lasts from 12 to 18 months and in most cases is cleared spontaneously. However, in some women the immune response is insufficient to eliminate the virus, resulting in a persistent, long-term infection that may progress to a malignant lesion. In this review, we discuss the biology and natural history of HPV infection and its association with cervical cancer.

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Section: Characteristics Of Hpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of Hpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and natural history of human papillomavirus infection

Fernandes¹,

Araújo²,

Fernandes³

2013

OAJCT

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show abstract

“…To assemble the viral capsid, the pentamers join to copies of L2 that occludes the center of each pentavalent capsomere. (Jo & Kim 2005;Buck et al, 2008;Conway & Meyers, 2009). Thus, each virion contains 72 copies of the L1, the major component of the capsid, and a variable number of copies of L2, a secondary component of the viral capsid, forming a particle with icosahedra symmetry and approximately 50 to 60 nm in diameter ( Burd, 2003;Longworth & Laimins, 2004;zur Hausen, 2009).…”

Section: Structure Of Viral Particle and Regulation Of Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Papillomavirus: Biology and Pathogenesis

Fernandes¹,

Fernandes²

2012

Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases - From Bench to Bedside - A Clinical Perspective

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“…Based on their association to CUC and the lesions produced, HPV have been grouped in low (genotypes 6, 11, 42 -44) and high (genotypes 16,18,31,33,34,35,39,45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 70) risk viruses [16][17][18]. The high risk HPV genotypes 16 and 18 are the most common, and have been detected in 95% of women with CUC [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low and High Risk Human Papillomavirus in the Oral Mucosa of Mexican Women with Genital Papillomavirus

Fernández¹,

Rosete²,

Pedraza³

et al. 2013

OJMM

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Background: Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are implicated in cervical cancer and, recently in oral cancer. In Mexico, there are few studies on oral cancer, therefore the interest in identifying the HPV frequency of low and high risk in samples of the oral and cervical cavities, and determining some risk factors. Objective: To determine the frequency of high and low risk HPV infection in the oral cavity of women with cervical HPV, and to correlate the infection site with risk factors. Materials and Methods: Eighteen female patients between 24 and 53 years, with antecedents of genital HPV infection were included. Both samples of oral cavity and cervix were obtained. DNA extraction from the epithelial cells was performed using the Qiagen kit. PCR was done and the amplicon was observed in 2% agarose gels stained with ethidium bromide. A correlation of HPV infection and risk factors was done. Results: HPV-DNA was detected in the 67% of both samples. The frequency of oral and cervix low risk HPV-DNA was 50%, while high risk HPV-DNA in oral cavity was detected in 17%, and 39% in the cervix. The study of the risk factors involved in HPV infection showed that the participants had the habits of smoking 39%; alcohol drinking 28%; and 78% oral sex. Conclusion: The results showed a high frequency of HPV (67%) infection in the oral and genital mucosas, suggesting that patient's habits could contribute to the infection; the presence of HPV in the oral mucosa may act as reservoir for new HPV infections.

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Replication and Assembly of Human Papillomaviruses

Cited by 118 publications

References 127 publications

Biology and natural history of human papillomavirus infection

Biology and natural history of human papillomavirus infection

Human Papillomavirus: Biology and Pathogenesis

Low and High Risk Human Papillomavirus in the Oral Mucosa of Mexican Women with Genital Papillomavirus

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