Carpet
dust contains microbial and chemical material that can impact
early childhood health. Infants may be exposed to greater quantities
of resuspended dust, given their close proximity to floor surfaces.
Chamber experiments with a robotic infant were integrated with a material
balance model to provide new fundamental insights into the size-dependency
of infant crawling-induced particle resuspension and exposure. The
robotic infant was exposed to resuspended particle concentrations
from 105 to 106 m–3 in the
near-floor (NF) microzone during crawling, with concentrations generally
decreasing following vacuum cleaning of the carpets. A pronounced
vertical variation in particle concentrations was observed between
the NF microzone and bulk air. Resuspension fractions for crawling
are similar to those for adult walking, with values ranging from 10–6 to 10–1 and increasing with particle
size. Meaningful amounts of dust are resuspended during crawling,
with emission rates of 0.1 to 2 × 104 μg h–1. Size-resolved inhalation intake
fractions ranged from 5 to 8 × 103 inhaled particles
per million resuspended particles, demonstrating that a significant
fraction of resuspended particles can be inhaled. A new exposure metric,
the dust-to-breathing zone transport efficiency, was introduced to
characterize the overall probability of a settled particle being resuspended
and delivered to the respiratory airways. Values ranged from less
than 0.1 to over 200 inhaled particles per million settled particles,
increased with particle size, and varied by over 2 orders of magnitude
among 12 carpet types.