Replicated MMPI subtypes for alcoholic men and women: Relationship to self-reported drinking behaviors.

Kline, Rex B.; Snyder, Douglas K.

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.53.1.70

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…next group of studies discussed indicated fewer similari ties between their findings and those of the present study than did the investigations which have already been described Kline and Snyder (1985). conducted a cluster analysis that yielded three subtypes of al coholics.…”

contrasting

confidence: 46%

Alcoholic personality types as identified by MMPI and MCMI profiles

Jensen

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The medical model of alcoholism has long been the accepted view of alcohol dependence and addiction. This perspective has been the most prominent in both research and treatment. However, multidimensional models of alcoholism have more recently gained acceptance and credibili ty, and now frequently serve as guiding concepts in research and treat ment. These notions suggest that alcoholism involves many different types rather than a single syndrome. The present descriptive study was designed to explore a multidimensional concept of alcoholism for an in patient alcohol treatment population through the use of two different self-report personality measures, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI). The results indicated that distinct and different personality types or clusters existed within this population. The five personality types found were: personality trait disturbance, borderline personality dis order, normal personality, situational disturbance, and antisocial per sonality. Treatment recommendations were made for each of these alco holic types. Since members of the five groups differed widely in personality it was proposed that treatment for each group should differ. Additional recommendations for future research were also made.

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confidence: 46%

Alcoholic personality types as identified by MMPI and MCMI profiles

Jensen

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“…Most psychological studies that applied cluster analysis used the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) (e.g. Kline & Snyder, 1985;Costello et al 1987). The MMPI clinical scales do not provide, however, the comprehensive and well-defined taxonomy that is needed for classification purposes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cluster analysis has, for instance, been used in alcoholic (e.g. Kline & Snyder, 1985) and chronic pain (e.g. Costello et al 1987) populations.…”

Section: Delineation Of Coping Subtypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping subtypes for men with coronary heart disease: relationship to well-being, stress and Type-A behaviour

Denollet

Potter

1992

Psychol. Med.

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SynopsisWe used cluster analysis to delineate coping subtypes in a sample of 166 men with coronary heart disease who completed the Antwerp out-patient rehabilitation programme. These subtypes were identified on the basis of three well-defined superordinate traits that were selected from a comprehensive taxonomy: negative affectivity, social inhibition, and self-deception. Using Ward's minimum variance method and the cubic clustering criterion, we identified four coping subtypes; low-negative affectivity (N = 48), high-negative affectivity (N = 30), inhibited (N = 62), and repressive (N = 26) individuals. The accuracy of the resulting classification was demonstrated across parallel data sets and was further validated against external, health-related correlates that were not included in the clustering. The identified coping subtypes were significantly related to self-reports of subjective distress/perceived stress, ratings of Type A behaviour and anger-in, return to work, prevalence of chest-pain complaints, and use of minor tranquillizers and sleeping pills. The major findings of this study suggest that (a) male coronary patients represent a heterogeneous population with distinctly different coping subtypes, and that (b) a relatively small number of homogeneous subtypes can account for a substantial amount of variance in subjective well-being, coronary-prone behaviour, and return to work. These findings indicate that psychosomatic research should focus on how superordinate traits interact within individuals and corroborate the appropriateness of a class model to describe coping styles of male coronary patients. It is argued that discrepant findings across studies of Type-A behaviour and hostility may be related to the coping subtypes of the subject sample. Further attempts to cross-validate this classification scheme and to examine its health-related correlates are needed.

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“…Cluster analysis is a multivariate procedure that was specifically designed to find natural subtypes that are discrete (Lorr and Suziedelis, 1982). This inductive approach has been used, for example, to delineate distinctly different personality subtypes in patients with chronic pain and alcoholism (Costello, Hulsey, Schoenfeld and Ramamurthy, 1987;Kline and Snyder, 1985).…”

Section: Personality and Emotional Distressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality, emotional distress and coronary heart disease

Denollet

1997

Eur. J. Pers.

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Hostility, depression, and anxiety have been associated with coronary heart disease (CHD), but the role of emotional distress in the development of CHD is still a controversial issue. Evidence shows, however, that emotional distress plays a key role in the progression of CHD: (i) emotional distress is associated with pathophysiological mechanisms and cardiac events in coronary patients, (ii) psychosocial treatments of emotional stress may reduce mortality and morbidity in these patients, and (iii) inhibition of negative emotions may accelerate CHD. Evidence also shows that emotional stress as a risk factor for CHD is a chronic characteristic; research has, however, largely ignored the role of personality in this context. The approach to personality and CHD that is presented in this paper revisits the tradition of global personality traits, and is based on the notion that the interaction between negative affectivity (the tendency to experience negative emotions) and social inhibition (the tendency to inhibit self-expression in social interaction) has potential explanatory power in coronary patients. The construct of type-D personality is introduced to designate those coronary patients who experience difficulties in the areas of negative emotions and self-expression. Type-D patients typically report high levels of depressive symptoms and poor levels of social support. Evidence is presented which suggests that, eventually, the emotional difficulties of type-D patients may result in hard endpoints such as increased risk for long-term mortality. It is concluded that, in addition to assessing specific psychosocial factors, it is equally important to assess the effect of global traits and their interaction on prognosis in patients with CHD.

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Replicated MMPI subtypes for alcoholic men and women: Relationship to self-reported drinking behaviors.

Cited by 21 publications

References 26 publications

Alcoholic personality types as identified by MMPI and MCMI profiles

Alcoholic personality types as identified by MMPI and MCMI profiles

Coping subtypes for men with coronary heart disease: relationship to well-being, stress and Type-A behaviour

Personality, emotional distress and coronary heart disease

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