Repetitive Negative Thinking as a Transdiagnostic Process

Ehring, Thomas; Watkins, Edward

doi:10.1680/ijct.2008.1.3.192

Cited by 340 publications

(465 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…This may indicate a minimum level of emotion regulation and emotional functioning is required in order to appropriately process the psycho-oncological content. Emotion regulation has been indicated as a moderator of anxiety and depressive symptoms [31], and as a maintenance factor in psychological disorder [32], but has not previously been examined as a potential predictor of adherence to online interventions [21], and warrants further research. Importantly, while these findings may on the one hand suggest that individuals with higher adherence may have less difficulty in dealing with distress, adherence was only associated with emotional regulation and emotional and cognitive functioning when measured in terms of module completion and low and high adherers were compared in group analysis; these participant characteristics were not found to predict any measures of adherence in multivariate analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake and adherence to an online intervention for cancer-related distress: older age is not a barrier to adherence but may be a barrier to uptake

Beatty

Kemp

Binnion

et al. 2017

Support Care Cancer

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Uptake and adherence to an online intervention for cancer-related distress: older age is not a barrier to adherence but may be a barrier to uptake. 2Uptake and adherence to an online intervention for cancer-related distress: older age is not a barrier to adherence but may be a barrier to uptake. Abstract PurposeWhile online interventions are increasingly explored as an alternative to therapist-based interventions for cancer-related distress, limitations to efficacy potentially include low uptake and adherence. Few predictors of uptake or adherence to online interventions have been consistently identified, particularly in individuals with cancer. This study examined rates and predictors of uptake and adherence to Finding My Way, a RCT of an online intervention versus an information-only online control for cancer-related distress. MethodsParticipants were adults with cancer treated with curative intent. Adherence was assessed by login frequency, duration, and activity level; analyses examined demographic, medical and psychological predictors of uptake and adherence. ResultsThe study enrolled 191 adults (aged 26 -94 years) undergoing active treatment for cancer of any type. Uptake was highest for females and for individuals with ovarian (80%) and breast cancer (49.8%), and lowest for those with melanoma (26.5%). Adherence was predicted by older age and control-group allocation. Baseline distress levels did not predict adherence. High adherers to the full intervention had better emotion regulation and quality of life than low adherers. ConclusionsUptake of online intervention varies according to age, gender and cancer type. While uptake was higher among younger individuals, once enrolled, older individuals were more likely to adhere to online interventions for cancer-related distress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake and adherence to an online intervention for cancer-related distress: older age is not a barrier to adherence but may be a barrier to uptake

Beatty

Kemp

Binnion

et al. 2017

Support Care Cancer

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“…It has been proposed that negative repetitive thought is a transdiagnostic pathological mental process involved in most Axis 1 disorders, but that the measures of rumination and worry used here -the Ruminative Response Scale and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire -are not well suited for measuring repetitive negative thought in people with diagnoses other than depression and generalized anxiety disorder, respectively, because both focus on disorder-specific thought content (Ehring & Watkins, 2008;Ehring et al, 2011). Ehring and colleagues proposed that a content-free measure of perseverative thought would be less vulnerable to bias by particular symptoms (Ehring et al, 2011).…”

Section: Negative Findings For Experiential Avoidance Rumination Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned in Chapter 7, the questionnaires used in the present study to measure experiential avoidance and rumination have been criticised for the present purpose (Bond et al, 2011;Ehring & Watkins, 2008;Ehring et al, 2011): both might have less validity for measuring the constructs of interest in people with persecutory delusions than would have been desired. It is possible that other ways of measuring avoidant and ruminative response styles could have enabled detection of predictive effects.…”

Section: Responses To Distress: Experiential Avoidance and Ruminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive factors maintaining persecutory delusions in psychosis: The contribution of depression.

Vorontsova¹,

Garety²,

Freeman³

2013

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Depression is common in people with schizophrenia, but how it might directly contribute to the persistence of psychotic symptoms has rarely been tested. The key aim of the present study was to test whether depression and associated cognitive processes predict the maintenance of persecutory delusions. Three groups of participants were tested at baseline: 60 patients with persecutory delusions in the context of a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis, 30 patients with depression, and 30 nonclinical controls. They completed interviewer and self-report assessments of depression and paranoia, and measures of six cognitive factors (schematic beliefs, experiential avoidance, autobiographical memory, problem solving, rumination, worry style). The patients with persecutory delusions were then assessed again, six months later. It was found that 50% of the patients with persecutory delusions met diagnostic criteria for major depression. Cognitive processes found to be associated with depression across the groups were negative schematic beliefs about the self, experiential avoidance and rumination, but not autobiographical memory or problem solving. The severity of initial depression in patients with persecutory delusions predicted the persistence of paranoia over six months. A number of cognitive factors also predicted the persistence of persecutory delusions, including negative schematic beliefs about the self, worry, and problem-solving difficulties. In conclusion, depression is common in patients with current persecutory delusions, and it shows similar cognitive features to major depressive disorder. The results of this study indicate that depression and related processes may contribute to the maintenance of paranoia. Trials are warranted of depression-related therapeutic techniques for people with persecutory delusions.

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“…According to the goal-discrepancy theory, ruminative thoughts reflect concerns and goals that have not yet been attained. Furthermore, those who have more extreme or unattainable goals may be more inclined to ruminate (Ehring & Watkins, 2008; Martin & Tesser, 1989). Because the disappearance of a loved one is inherently linked to uncertainties (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grief rumination mediates the association between self-compassion and psychopathology in relatives of missing persons

Lenferink

Eisma

Keijser

et al. 2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: The disappearance of a loved one is a unique type of loss, also termed ‘ambiguous loss’, which may heighten the risk for developing prolonged grief (PG), depression, and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms. Little is known about protective and risk factors for psychopathology among relatives of missing persons. A potential protective factor is self-compassion, referring to openness toward and acceptance of one’s own pain, failures, and inadequacies. One could reason that self-compassion is associated with lower levels of emotional distress following ambiguous loss, because it might serve as a buffer for getting entangled in ruminative thinking about the causes and consequences of the disappearance (‘grief rumination’). Objective: In a sample of relatives of missing persons we aimed to examine (1) the prediction that greater self-compassion is related to lower symptom-levels of PG, depression, and PTS and (2) to what extent these associations are mediated by grief rumination. Method: Dutch and Belgian relatives of long-term missing persons (N = 137) completed self-report measures tapping self-compassion, grief rumination, PG, depression, and PTS. Mediation analyses were conducted. Results: Self-compassion was significantly, negatively, and moderately associated with PG, depression, and PTS levels. Grief rumination significantly mediated the associations of higher levels of self-compassion with lower levels of PG (a*b = −0.11), depression (a*b = −0.07), and PTS (a*b = −0.11). Specifically, 50%, 32%, and 32% of the effect of self-compassion on PG, depression, and PTS levels, respectively, was accounted for by grief rumination. Conclusions: Findings suggest that people with more self-compassion experience less severe psychopathology, in part because these people are less strongly inclined to engage in ruminative thinking related to the disappearance. Strengthening a self-compassionate attitude using, for instance, mindfulness-based interventions may therefore be a useful intervention to reduce emotional distress associated with the disappearance of a loved one.

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Repetitive Negative Thinking as a Transdiagnostic Process

Cited by 340 publications

References 97 publications

Uptake and adherence to an online intervention for cancer-related distress: older age is not a barrier to adherence but may be a barrier to uptake

Uptake and adherence to an online intervention for cancer-related distress: older age is not a barrier to adherence but may be a barrier to uptake

Cognitive factors maintaining persecutory delusions in psychosis: The contribution of depression.

Grief rumination mediates the association between self-compassion and psychopathology in relatives of missing persons

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