Repetitive negative thinking as a predictor of depression and anxiety: A longitudinal cohort study

Spinhoven, Philip; Hemert, Albert M. van; Penninx, Brenda W.J.H.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.037

Cited by 130 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In order to assess RNT transdiagnostically, it therefore appears important to include items assessing the process of RNT. Of note, studies examining the differences between content-related versus process-related trait questionnaires regarding their predictive utility for depression and anxiety showed that an underlying RNT factor explained more variance in predicting anxiety and depression than disorder-specific cognitive content (i.e., rumination or worry) [65]. It remains to be tested whether the same applies to RNT assessed via EMA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing repetitive negative thinking in daily life: Development of an ecological momentary assessment paradigm

et al. 2020

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Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic process and a promising target for prevention and treatment of mental disorders. RNT is typically assessed via self-report questionnaires with most studies focusing on one type of RNT (i.e., worry or rumination) and one specific disorder (i.e., anxiety or depression). However, responses to such questionnaires may be biased by memory and metacognitive beliefs. Recently, Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) has been employed to minimize these biases. This study aims to develop an EMA paradigm to measure RNT as a transdiagnostic process in natural settings. Based on empirical and theoretical considerations, an item pool was created encompassing RNT content and processes. We then (1) tested model fit of a contentrelated and a process-related model for assessing RNT as an individual difference variable, (2) investigated the reliability and construct validity of the proposed scale(s), and (3) determined the optimal sampling design. One hundred fifty healthy participants aged 18 to 40 years filled out baseline questionnaires on rumination, worry, RNT, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Participants received 8 semi-random daily prompts assessing RNT over 14 days. After the EMA phase, participants answered questionnaires on depression, anxiety, and stress again. Multilevel confirmatory factor analysis revealed excellent model fit for the process-related model but unsatisfactory fit for the content-related model. Different hybrid models were additionally explored, yielding one model with satisfactory fit. Both the process-related and the hybrid scale showed good reliability and good convergent validity and were significantly associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress after the EMA phase when controlling for baseline scores. Further analyses found that a sampling design of 5 daily assessments across 10 days yielded the best tradeoff between participant burden and information retained by EMA. In sum, this paper presents a promising paradigm for assessing RNT in daily life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing repetitive negative thinking in daily life: Development of an ecological momentary assessment paradigm

et al. 2020

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“…Severity of depressive symptoms (last week) was assessed by means of the 30-item Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology (IDS) questionnaire [31] and used as a continuous variable. Internal consistency of the IDS in NESDA was previously found to be good (Cronbach's α = 0.91) [32]. Severity of anxiety symptoms (last week) was assessed by means of the 21-item Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), [33], also used as a continuous variable.…”

Section: Depression and Anxiety Diagnosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of borderline personality disorder symptoms on absenteeism & work performance in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA)

et al. 2020

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Background: Symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD) were previously found to be associated with decreased work performance, even after controlling for depressive and anxiety disorders. Furthermore, cooccurrence of BPD and affective disorders is common. Therefore, we examined the effect of BPD symptoms on occupational functioning in workers with affective disorders. Methods: Healthy workers (n = 287), workers with current depression/anxiety only (n = 195), workers with BPD symptoms only (n = 54), and workers with both depression/anxiety and BPD symptoms (n = 103) were selected from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). Both a categorical and dimensional approach were used to cross-sectionally study the effect of BPD symptoms on work performance and absenteeism. Results: Compared to healthy controls, all symptomatic groups had impaired occupational functioning. Workers with current depression/anxiety had higher long-term absenteeism (OR = 3.59; 95%CI:1.83-7.02) and impaired work performance (OR = 7.81; 95%CI:4.44-13.73), workers with BPD symptoms only had higher impaired work performance (OR = 6.02 95%CI:2.76-13.09), and workers with both depression/anxiety and BPD symptoms had higher long-term absenteeism (OR = 3.66 95%CI:1.69-7.91) and impaired work performance (OR = 10.41 95%CI:5.38-20.15). No difference was found between the (symptomatic) groups. In the dimensional analysis, all associations between BPD symptoms and occupational measures disappeared when depressive symptoms were added. Depressive and BPD symptoms were highly correlated (r = .67). Conclusions: Our findings confirm that both affective disorders and BPD symptoms are associated with occupational dysfunction. The effect of BPD symptoms however, seems mediated by depressive symptoms. This would suggest that focusing on affective symptoms in occupational health may be effective to improve occupational functioning in persons with BPD.

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“…Increasing evidence supports RNT as a style of thinking that operates across different mental health disorders (i.e., a transdiagnostic process) (18) that have been associated with an increased vulnerability to dementia and cognitive decline (19). For instance, RNT contributes to the development and maintenance of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (20)(21)(22), all of which have been associated with cognitive decline and increased vulnerability to dementia (e.g., 16,23,24). It is possible that the increased risk of dementia conferred by these mental health disorders may be driven by RNT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repetitive Negative Thinking is associated with Subjective Cognitive Decline in older adults: a cross-sectional study

Schlosser

Demnitz‐King

Whitfield

et al. 2020

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Background In the absence of a cure or effective treatment for dementia, attention has shifted towards identifying risk factors for prevention. Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) describes self-perceived worsening of cognition despite unimpaired performance on neuropsychological tests. SCD has been associated with an increased dementia risk and steeper memory decline. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic process that manifests across several mental health disorders associated with increased vulnerability to dementia. RNT has thus been proposed as a candidate marker of risk for dementia and, relatedly, could contribute to the manifestation of SCD. We aimed to investigate the relationship between SCD and RNT alongside other theoretically informed psychological risk/protective factors for dementia and cognitive decline. Methods In a cross-sectional online survey, 491 older adults (mean=64.9 years, SD =4.2; 63.1% female) completed measures of RNT, personality (including neuroticism), purpose in life, worry, rumination, and meditation practice. SCD was assessed continuously via self-perceived cognitive function (Neuro-QoL) and categorically via endorsement (yes/no) of memory complaints. Regression models, using a stepwise backwards elimination, were built to assess associations between SCD, demographics, and all risk/protective factors. Results A total of 24.2% of participants reported memory complaints. In the final prediction models, RNT was the only psychological variable associated with lower self-perceived cognitive function and with a higher likelihood of memory complaints. Conclusions This study empirically corroborates the theoretical relationship between SCD and RNT. RNT, whether it be a prodromal symptom or independent risk factor, is a promising construct for future research on SCD and dementia risk.

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Repetitive negative thinking as a predictor of depression and anxiety: A longitudinal cohort study

Abstract: Repetitive Negative Thinking (RNT) is assumed to be a transdiagnostic proximal risk factor in depression and anxiety. We examined the prospective relations of disorder-dependent as well as disorder-independent measures of RNT with depression and anxiety outcomes.

Cited by 130 publications

References 50 publications

Assessing repetitive negative thinking in daily life: Development of an ecological momentary assessment paradigm

Assessing repetitive negative thinking in daily life: Development of an ecological momentary assessment paradigm

The role of borderline personality disorder symptoms on absenteeism & work performance in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA)

Repetitive Negative Thinking is associated with Subjective Cognitive Decline in older adults: a cross-sectional study

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