Repetition of attempted suicide among teenagers in Europe: frequency, timing and risk factors

Hultén, Agnes; Jiang, Guo-Xin; Wasserman, Danuta; Hawton, Keith; Hjelmeland, Heidi; Leo, Diego De; Ostamo, Aini; Salander-Renberg, E.; Schmidtke, Armin

doi:10.1007/s007870170022

Cited by 114 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is noteworthy, in light of these limitations, that most of the significant socio-demographic risk factors -young age, low socio-economic status, previous marriage -are consistent with prior findings (Kessler et al, 1999;Moscicki, 1997Moscicki, ,1999Petronis et al, 1990), as is the finding that past attempts are powerfully related to future attempts (Brown et al, 2000;Goldstein et al, 1991;Hulten et al, 2001;Moscicki, 1997Moscicki, ,1999. The elevated risk of attempts among NonHispanic Blacks, in comparison, is not consistent with previous findings, although no previous research has examined race-ethnicity as a correlate of attempts among ideators.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

A risk index for 12-month suicide attempts in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)

et al. 2006

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

A risk index for 12-month suicide attempts in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)

et al. 2006

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“…To have made several previous suicide attempts has been found to be a predictor for repetition of suicide attempt after a suicide attempt [21], and it was the strongest predictor for repeating suicide attempt within one year in a WHO Multicentre study of teenagers [7]. Other factors associated with repetition in our study (except for several previous suicide attempts before index and early repetition) were psychiatric treatment at the index attempt, and having high suicide ideation and low global functioning at one month.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

“…Repetition has also been found to be a predictor for completed suicide [6,7]. Repetition of suicide attempt is especially common during the first year after a suicide attempt [3,5,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of repeated parasuicide after 1–12 months

Cedereke

Öjehagen

2005

Eur. psychiatr.

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BackgroundTo investigate predictors for repetition of suicide attempts 1–12 months after a suicide attempt.MethodsTwo hundred and sixteen patients who had made a suicide attempt were investigated after 1 month, and 178 were followed up again after 12 months.ResultsDuring 1–12 months after the suicide attempt, 30 patients reattempted suicide (repeaters). During 0–1 month 13 patients had reattempted suicide (early repeaters), and nine of them also repeated between 1 and 12 months. Repeaters had more often made three or more attempts before index attempt, they more often were in treatment at the index attempt and at 1 month they had lower global functioning and higher suicide ideation. In a Cox Regression analysis two predictors for repetition between 1 and 12 months remained significant; early repetition (OR 6.7, 95% CI, 3.0–14.9) and having GAF-scores below 49 (median cut-off) (OR 3.4 (95% CI, 1.5–7.5).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that repetitive behaviour in itself is a strong predictor of future attempts. Strategies focusing on the repetitive behaviour are warranted.

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“…10 Risk factors for repeated self-harm in young people include a history of previous self-harm, 11,12 previous mental health treatment, 13 a violent method of self-harm, 14 and specific psychiatric disorders including depression, 15 -20 substance use disorders, 11,15,21,22 anxiety disorders, 11,15,16 schizophrenia, 16,22 attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 16,22 and personality disorders. 16,20 Because of variation in study samples and designs, however, the relative strength of these patient characteristics on risk of repeat self-harm remains poorly defined.…”

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confidence: 99%

Suicide After Deliberate Self-Harm in Adolescents and Young Adults

et al. 2018

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OBJECTIVES:Among adolescents and young adults with nonfatal self-harm, our objective is to identify risk factors for repeated nonfatal self-harm and suicide death over the following year. METHODS:A national cohort of patients in the Medicaid program, aged 12 to 24 years (n = 32 395), was followed for up to 1 year after self-harm. Cause of death information was obtained from the National Death Index. Repeat self-harm per 1000 person-years and suicide deaths per 100 000 person-years were determined. Hazard ratios (HRs) of repeat self-harm and suicide were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models. Suicide standardized mortality rate ratios were derived by comparison with demographically matched general population controls. RESULTS:The 12-month suicide standardized mortality rate ratio after self-harm was significantly higher for adolescents (46.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 29.9-67.9) than young adults (19.2, 95% CI: 12.7-28.0). Hazards of suicide after self-harm were significantly higher for American Indians and Alaskan natives than non-Hispanic white patients (HR: 4.69, 95% CI: 2.41-9.13) and for self-harm patients who initially used violent methods (HR: 18.04, 95% CI: 9.92-32.80), especially firearms (HR: 35.73, 95% CI: 15.42-82.79), compared with nonviolent self-harm methods (1.00, reference). The hazards of repeat self-harm were higher for female subjects than male subjects (HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.18-1.33); patients with personality disorders (HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.42-1.69); and patients whose initial self-harm was treated in an inpatient setting (HR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.49-1.83) compared with an emergency department (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.55-0.69) or outpatient (1.00, reference) setting. CONCLUSIONS:After nonfatal self-harm, adolescents and young adults were at markedly elevated risk of suicide. Among these high-risk patients, those who used violent self-harm methods, particularly firearms, were at especially high risk underscoring the importance of follow-up care to help ensure their safety.abstract

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Repetition of attempted suicide among teenagers in Europe: frequency, timing and risk factors

Abstract: For young suicide attempters, follow-up and adequate aftercare are very important if repetition and risk of suicide are to be reduced. This applies particularly to those who have already made more than one attempt.

Cited by 114 publications

References 18 publications

A risk index for 12-month suicide attempts in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)

A risk index for 12-month suicide attempts in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)

Prediction of repeated parasuicide after 1–12 months

Suicide After Deliberate Self-Harm in Adolescents and Young Adults

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