Repellent Activity of Piper spp. Leaves Extracts on Rice Ear Bugs (Leptocorisa oratorius Fabricius) and the Characters of Its Volatile Compounds

Abstract

Rice ear bug (Leptocorisa oratorius Fabricius) is still classified as the top of five pests that cause the most losses in rice farming productivity. The attack causes the grain to become empty resulted in reducing the yield of grain up to 40% even to 100%. Betel plants (Genus Piper) are easy to grow and grown by almost all households in Indonesia. Ethnobotany showed that betel is used as one of the insect controllers. This research aimed to study the repellant activities of five species of Piper spp. and their phytochemical composition based on CG-MS chromatograms. Moreover, the active compounds were analyzed in potent plant. The repellant activities of chloroform and methanol extract of P. betle, P. aduncum, P. nigrum, P. longum, and P. crocatum were applied using modified olfactometer, while the phytochemical composition were analyzed using GC-MS. The compounds with insecticidal activity in the potent species were analyzed by the references. The results showed that chloroform extract of P. crocatum was the most potent extract. It contains 28 specific compounds which were not found in other species. Literature studies showed that compounds that had repellent activities are monoterpene and sesquiterpene groups.

Root Extracts of Two Cultivars of Paeonia Species: Lipid Composition and Biological Effects on Different Cell Lines: Preliminary Results

“…It has to be noted that the presence of aplysteryl derivatives has been previously found in seeds of Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis [ 32 ], in a chloroform extract of leaves of Piper betle [ 33 ], and also in those cases recognized based on Wiley mass database. Other minor components were identified, again by comparison with the mass spectra present in the aforementioned library, such as β-sitosterol (in SCO and SCH ), γ-sitosterol and ergost-5-en-3-ol (in SCO ) but this issue requires deeper investigation.…”

Abiotic Stress Elicitation on Secondary Metabolites of Red Betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav.) Leaves as Potential Repellent for Rice Bug (Leptocorisa oratorius (F.)

“…However, the insecticide compounds from the fraction was not adequate in amount and type of compounds, so efforts are needed to increase the number and levels of secondary metabolites in red betel leaves . It has been reported by (Parfati and Windono, 2016), also (Nugroho et al, 2020) that in the red betel extract contained secondary metabolites in the form of flavonoid compounds: Quersetin and auron group compounds; essential oil with components of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, alkaloid compounds, tannins-polyphenols, steroids-terpenoids and saponins, which have potential as bioinsecticides.…”

“…Chloroform is the best solvent to showing secondary metabolites of red betel leaves extract, especially for insecticide compounds. It based on previous research from (Nugroho et al, 2020).…”

“…Therefore, some alternatives of insecticides which are more effective and environmentally friendly are demanded, one of which is by exploration and optimization of bioactive materials from plants as natural insecticides. Nugroho et al (2020) evaluated red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav.) has the highest potential for anti-pest control compared to the other four types of Piper.…”