Repeated manual release in a young plantation: effect on Douglas-fir seedlings, hardwoods, shrubs, forbs, and grasses.

McDonald, Philip M.; Fiddler, Gary O.; Harrison, H.R.

doi:10.2737/psw-rp-221

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…of several other studies, including results reported in a similar mixed-shrub community (Simard et al 2001) and other vegetation communities (Newton et al 1992;McDonald et al 1994;Harper et al 1997a, b;Sullivan et al 1998;Biring et al 1999Biring et al , 2001Boateng et al 2000;Lindgren and Sullivan 2001;Haeussler et al 2002). Black cottonwood and paper birch generally resprout vigorously following manual cutting (Haeussler et al 1990).…”

Section: Plant Community Impactsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce from a mixed-shrub community in southern British Columbia Year 15 results

Comeau¹,

Harper²

2009

The Forestry Chronicle

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Fifteen-year results from a study initiated in 1992 to compare the effectiveness of repeated cutting treatments with treatments involving single cutting or a single application of glyphosate herbicide are presented. While treatments resulted in significant improvements in diameter and height of planted spruce at ages 3 to 7, these differences were no longer significant in year 15. All vegetation control treatments significantly increased survival in year 15 but did not significantly affect average spruce size. Despite apparent initial treatment effects on vegetation cover, the treatments applied in this study have had little lasting effect on non-crop vegetation.Key words: vegetation management, herbicides, glyphosate, manual, interior spruce, mixed shrub complex, Interior Cedar Hemlock Zone. RÉSUMÉLes résultats après 15 ans d'une étude amorcée en 1992 pour comparer l' efficacité des traitements de dégagement par coupes répétitives aux traitements de dégagement par coupe unique ou par application unique de l'herbicide glyphosate sont présentés dans cet article. Même si les traitements ont permis d' enregistrer des gains significatifs en termes de diamètre et de hauteur chez les semis d' épinette à la troisième et la septième année, ces différences n' étaient plus significatives à la quinzième année. Tous les traitements de contrôle de la végétation ont permis un accroissement du taux de survie 15 ans plus tard mais n' ont eu aucun effet significatif sur la taille moyenne des épinettes. Malgré les effets apparents dès le début sur le couvert végétal, les traitements réalisés dans cette étude ont eu que peu d' effet durable sur la végétation non prévue pour faire partie d'une récolte.

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Section: Plant Community Impactsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce from a mixed-shrub community in southern British Columbia Year 15 results

Comeau¹,

Harper²

2009

The Forestry Chronicle

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“…When cutting treatments are used to control vegetation around young conifer seedlings it may be necessary to treat the same site two or more times [17-19, 22, 25] to achieve longer-term control. For example, repeated cutting of competing species improves the 5 year height and stem diameter of Engelmann spruce in the very-cool ICH shrub-herb complex [22] and for Douglas-fir on the central coast of California [37]. A study by Harper et al [29], reports that at least two subsequent years of cutting are required to change the dry-warm ICH site from a paper birch to a Douglas-fir dominated stand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effects of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce from a mixed-shrub community in Southern British Columbia

2003

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-In British Columbia, vegetation management treatments are widely used to ensure successful establishment of young stands and achievement of free-growing requirements. A study was established in 1991 to examine the effectiveness of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry) seedlings from a mixed-shrub community. The study consisted of eight treatments replicated three times in a completely randomized design. The treatments comprised six combinations of spring, summer and annual repeated manual cutting, a single application of glyphosate, and an untreated control. Controlling the mixed-shrub community one-year after planting using glyphosate and manual cutting treatments significantly improved spruce survival. Repeated manual cutting significantly improved survival over that achieved with only a single treatment. Consequently, the density of well-spaced trees was significantly increased in the repeated manual cutting and glyphosate treatments. In 2001, the untreated control only has 27% of well-spaced spruce trees that are free growing compared to more than 50%, 75% and 83% in single cutting, repeated manual cutting and glyphosate treatment, respectively. Treatments significantly increased height and groundline diameter from the third through the seventh year but not in year ten. Continued mortality of suppressed seedlings after year seven is a probable cause of lack of treatment differences in the tenth year. However, height-to-diameter ratio was significantly reduced in year ten for all treatments over the control and for repeated versus single cutting treatments. Ten-years after treatment, significant differences in vegetation community percent cover, richness, and diversity were not detected among treatments.Engelmann spruce / vegetation management / repeated manual cutting / glyphosate / free growing Résumé -Effets à long terme de traitements de contrôle de la végétation effectués pour dégager des épicéas d'Engelmann concurrencés par divers arbustes, en Colombie Britannique méridionale. En Colombie Britannique, on fait largement appel à des traitements de gestion de la végétation pour faciliter l'installation des jeunes peuplements et leur permettre de se développer librement. Une étude a été engagée en 1991 pour juger l'efficacité de traitements de contrôle de la végétation visant à dégager des épicéas d'Engelmann (Picea engelmanii Parry) concurrencés par divers arbustes. Cette étude comportait huit traitements, répétés trois fois selon un dispositif en blocs complets. Pour les traitements, il s'agissait de six combinaisons de dégagements par coupe effectués au printemps ou en été pendant une ou plusieurs années, d'une seule application de glyphosate, et enfin d'un témoin sans intervention. Le contrôle de la végétation arbustive par application de glyphosate un an après plantation, ou par les traitements dégagement par coupe, se traduit par une amélioration significative de la survie des épicéas. Des dégagements répétés pendant plusieurs années se révèl...

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“…Manual and motor-manual cutting treatments can increase crop tree survival and growth (McDonald et al 1994, Boateng et al 2009, Cyr and Thiffault 2009). However, the effectiveness of brushing treatments in releasing crop trees depends on the autecology of the species being cut, the type of cut, and the timing.…”

Section: Physical Post-harvest Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of The Efficacy of Vegetation Management Alternatives for Conifer Regeneration in Boreal Forests

Wiensczyk¹,

Swift²,

Morneault

et al. 2011

The Forestry Chronicle

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In this paper, we discuss the broad array of treatments that could be used to control competitive vegetation in conifer plantations in the boreal forests of Canada. We present vegetation management alternatives screened based on their treatment efficacy, which we defined as their ability to (a) control competitive vegetation and (b) not cause undue damage to conifer seedlings. The treatments reviewed range from pre-harvest (preventative) to post-plant release (reactive) treatments, and are organized into five categories: (i) silvicultural and harvest systems, (ii) physical treatments such as mechanical site preparation, cutting, girdling and mulching; (iii) thermal treatments such as prescribed fire and steaming; (iv) cultural treatments such as seedling culture, cover cropping, and grazing; and (v) chemical and biological spray treatments. We based our assessment of treatment efficacy on previous reviews, expert opinion, and published literature. We conclude on the need to further assess the effectiveness of forest vegetation management strategies in the context of multi-purpose plantations that consider ecological, social and silvicultural objectives.Key words: plantation, vegetation management, competition, silviculture RÉSUMÉCet article aborde le large spectre des traitements sylvicoles utilisés pour maîtriser la végétation de compétition dans les plantations de conifères établies en forêt boréale au Canada. Nous présentons les diverses options sous l'aspect de leur efficacité, définie comme étant leur capacité (a) à maîtriser la végétation de compétition (b) sans causer de dommages aux conifères plantés. Les traitements considérés s' étendent des opérations pré-récolte (approches préventives) aux dégagements qui suivent la mise en terre des plants (approches réactives). Ils sont organisés en cinq catégories : (i) les systèmes sylvicoles et de récolte; (ii) les traitements physiques tels la préparation mécanique du terrain, la coupe, l'annelage et le broyage; (iii) les traitements thermiques tels le brûlage dirigé et le passage à la vapeur; (iv) les traitements culturaux tels la production des plants, l'utilisation de plantes de couverture et le broutement; et (v) la pulvérisation de produits chimiques ou biologiques. Nous avons basé notre évaluation de l' efficacité des traitements sur des revues de littérature déjà publiées, des opinions d' experts et la littérature scientifique récente. Nous concluons sur le besoin d'acquérir des connaissances concernant les stratégies de gestion de la végétation de compétition adaptées aux plantations multi-usages, dans lesquelles des objectifs écologiques et sociaux s'ajoutent à ceux de production de matière ligneuse.

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Repeated manual release in a young plantation: effect on Douglas-fir seedlings, hardwoods, shrubs, forbs, and grasses.

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Effects of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce from a mixed-shrub community in southern British Columbia Year 15 results

Effects of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce from a mixed-shrub community in southern British Columbia Year 15 results

Long-term effects of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce from a mixed-shrub community in Southern British Columbia

An Overview of The Efficacy of Vegetation Management Alternatives for Conifer Regeneration in Boreal Forests

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Repeated manual release in a young plantation: effect on Douglas-fir seedlings, hardwoods, shrubs, forbs, and grasses.

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Effects of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce from a mixed-shrub community in southern British Columbia  Year 15 results

Effects of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce from a mixed-shrub community in southern British Columbia  Year 15 results

Long-term effects of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce from a mixed-shrub community in Southern British Columbia

An Overview of The Efficacy of Vegetation Management Alternatives for Conifer Regeneration in Boreal Forests

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Effects of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce from a mixed-shrub community in southern British Columbia Year 15 results

Effects of vegetation control treatments for release of Engelmann spruce from a mixed-shrub community in southern British Columbia Year 15 results