Repeated long separations from pups produce depression-like behavior in rat mothers

Boccia, Maria L.; Razzoli, Maria; Vadlamudi, Sivaram Prasad; Whit, Trumbull,; Christopher, Caleffie,; Pedersen, Cort A.

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2006.10.004

Cited by 92 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The forced swim test was used to evaluate depressive-like behavior, measuring the immobility time on the test day to verify if the effect previously observed by other authors [9] was long-lasting. The 35th day post-partum was chosen because it was when the biochemical evaluations were performed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weaning was on postnatal day 21. In order to check if these animals would still show the signs of learned dispair at the time the biochemical analysis was performed, another set of animals were used in the 35th day postpartum to measure immobility in the forced swim test, as described by Boccia et al [9].…”

Section: Maternal Separation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this scenario, a more homologous animal model to study human depression would be based on depression-like responses to social relationship disruptions. In this sense, Boccia et al [9] studied the performance of the female dams subjected to separation from their pups on the forced swimming test, an animal model commonly used to assess depression [4,10], and suggested that repeated long term separation from pups could be responsible for the onset of depression-like behaviors in rodents. Other studies have also proposed that repeated long-term maternal separation is stressful to the dams and can lead to depressive-like characteristics [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Depression Model: Long-Lasting Effects on the Mother Following Separation from Pups

et al. 2011

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This study was carried out to ascertain the effects of maternal separation (3 h per day) of mothers from their pups in the neonatal period in rats, which has been suggested to induce a depressive-like state, would have long lasting effects on different parameters including hippocampal Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity, NO production, free radical production and antioxidant enzymes activities in dams. Fourty-eight Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control, brief separation (10 min) and long separation (3 h). The neonatal interventions were done on postpartum days 1-10. At 35 days post-partum the dams were killed and the hippocampal Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity were measured, as well as the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, free radicals production, and the production of nitric oxide. Hippocampal Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity was decreased in the brief separated group and in dams subjected to 3 h separation from their pups. A reduction in nitric oxide levels in the hippocampus in dams of the long separated group was also observed. It is concluded that the withdrawal of pups from their mothers make the mothers more susceptible to the development of neurochemical alterations that could be related to depressive features.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Maternal Separation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Depression Model: Long-Lasting Effects on the Mother Following Separation from Pups

et al. 2011

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“…However, there are studies showing a decrease in kyphotic nursing after repeated restraint stress [163] or under chronically high levels of corticosterone [197]. The effects of acute separation from the pups, also a form of stress, have also been shown to affect maternal behaviour with both a reduced maternal behaviour [198] and a higher intensity of maternal care being observed [199]. Interestingly, in our laboratory, repeated restraint stress during lactation, which is coupled with pup separation, led to an increased display in maternal behaviour.…”

Section: Consequences Of Chronic Stress In Pregnancy On Behavioural Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, increased depression-like behaviour, as assessed by forced swim test, was found after repeated restraint stress from early to late lactation [163,165], as well as following acute separation stress [198] with a concomitant decrease in maternal care. Additionally, female rats that were treated with oestradiol and progesterone to induce a hormone-stimulated pregnancy exhibited a depression-like phenotype (as assessed in the forced swim test and sucrose preference test) after withdrawal of the gonadal steroids.…”

Section: Consequences Of Chronic Stress In Pregnancy On Behavioural Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Stress to Postpartum Mood and Anxiety Disorders: How Chronic Peripartum Stress Can Impair Maternal Adaptations

Hillerer¹,

Neumann²,

Slattery³

2011

Neuroendocrinology

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The peripartum period, in all mammalian species, is characterised by numerous adaptations at neuroendocrine, molecular and behavioural levels that prepare the female for the challenges of motherhood. These changes have been well characterised and, while they are necessary to ensure the survival and nurturance of the offspring, there is growing belief that they are also required for maternal mental health. Thus, while increased calmness and attenuated stress responsivity are common characteristics of the peripartum period, it also represents a time of increased susceptibility to mood disorders. While a number of risk factors for these disorders are known, their underlying aetiology remains poorly understood, due at least in part to a lack of appropriate animal models. One translatable risk factor is stress exposure during the peripartum period. In the following review we first describe common peripartum adaptations and the impact postpartum mood disorders have on these. We then discuss the known consequences of peripartum stress exposure on such maternal adaptations that have been described in basic research.

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Fatherhood contributes to increased hippocampal spine density and anxiety regulation in California mice

et al. 2015

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IntroductionParenting alters the hippocampus, an area of the brain that undergoes significant experience‐induced plasticity and contributes to emotional regulation. While the relationship between maternal care and hippocampal neuroplasticity has been characterized, the extent to which fatherhood alters the structure and function of the hippocampus is far less understood.MethodsHere, we investigated to what extent fatherhood altered anxiety regulation and dendritic morphology of the hippocampus using the highly paternal California mouse (Peromyscus californicus).ResultsFathers spent significantly more time on the open arms of the elevated plus maze, compared to non‐fathers. Total distance traveled in the EPM was not changed by paternal experience, which suggests that the increased time spent on the open arms of the maze indicates decreased anxiety‐like behavior. Fatherhood also increased dendritic spine density of granule cells in the dentate gyrus and basal dendrites of pyramidal cells in area CA1 of the hippocampus.ConclusionsThese findings parallel those observed in maternal rodents, suggesting that the hippocampus of fathers and mothers respond similarly to offspring.

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Repeated long separations from pups produce depression-like behavior in rat mothers

Cited by 92 publications

References 60 publications

Maternal Depression Model: Long-Lasting Effects on the Mother Following Separation from Pups

Maternal Depression Model: Long-Lasting Effects on the Mother Following Separation from Pups

From Stress to Postpartum Mood and Anxiety Disorders: How Chronic Peripartum Stress Can Impair Maternal Adaptations

Fatherhood contributes to increased hippocampal spine density and anxiety regulation in California mice

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