Repeated applications of farmyard manure enhance resistance and resilience of soil biological functions against soil disinfection

Wada, Shun‐ichi; Toyota, Koki

doi:10.1007/s00374-006-0116-3

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Levels of activity to decompose cellulose and glucose remained suppressed by metam sodium for 18 weeks after the fumigation in microcosm experiments 26) . Our previous studies also showed that the decomposition of glucose, chitin and cellulose was significantly suppressed by chloropicrin and metam sodium in laboratory experiments 42) and by chloropicrin and 1,3-dichloropropene in field experiments 43) . These reports suggest that fumigants greatly disturb not only soil microbial community and biomass, but also functions mediated by soil microbes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…2), since we have revealed that the fumigants chloropicrin and metam sodium significantly suppressed the activity 42) . No suppressive or stimulatory effect was observed throughout the experimental period, suggesting that these nematicides have no negative impact on microbial community function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The density of free-living nematodes was markedly decreased by fumigation with methyl bromide and metam sodium 5) , chloropicrin 30) , and 1,3-dichloropropene and metam sodium 6) . The density of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was severely reduced and did not recover during the experimental period after fumigation with metam sodium 40) and chloropicrin 42) in laboratory experiments. Microbial biomass significantly decreased on soil fumigation in field experiments 5,36) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

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Effect of Three Organophosphorous Nematicides on Non-target Nematodes and Soil Microbial Community

Wada

Toyota

2008

Microb. Environ.

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The toxicity of three organophosphorous nematicides, imicyafos, fosthiazate and cadusafos, to non-target organisms in soil was evaluated. Imicyafos and fosthiazate had no significant inhibitory effect on the growth of fungal (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae, Rhizoctonia solani and Trichoderma viride) and bacterial (Ralstonia solanacearum and Pseudomonas fluorescens) strains in media at 12.5 to 200 mg L −1 . Cadusafos, however, significantly inhibited the growth of all these strains except R. solanacearum. A pot test was conducted using a soil naturally infested with Pratylenchus penetrans, and treated with imicyafos or fosthiazate, which are less toxic to non-target organisms. The density of P. penetrans decreased to less than 10% of the control level after exposure to imicyafos and fosthiazate at 3 kg active ingredient ha −1 , the conventional dose. No significant effect was observed on the density of free-living nematodes, cellulose decomposition activity, microbial biomass evaluated with the ATP method and number of ammonia oxidizers between the soil treated with imicyafos or fosthiazate and the untreated control soil. Our results revealed that imicyafos and fosthiazate effectively suppressed a plant-parasitic nematode, P. penetrans, but had little impact on free-living nematodes and the soil microbial community.

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mentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 92%

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Effect of Three Organophosphorous Nematicides on Non-target Nematodes and Soil Microbial Community

Wada

Toyota

2008

Microb. Environ.

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“…Recovery can be partial or complete and the length of time required for recovery varies. For example, after soil disinfection, the capacity to decompose glucose and chitin was fully restored after 12 weeks (Wada and Toyota 2007). But after heating of soil to a temperature experienced during forest fire (200°C for 1 h), bacterial density and activity were less than the controls even after 15 weeks incubation (Diaz-Ravina et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Recovery of soil respiration after drying

2011

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Soils are frequently exposed to drying and wetting events and previous studies have shown that rewetting results in a strong but short-lived flush of microbial activity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the water content during the dry period on the size and duration of the flush and on the rate of recovery. Two soils (a sand and a sandy loam) were maintained at different water contents (WC) 30, 28 and 25 g water kg −1 soil (sand) and 130, 105 and 95 g water kg −1 soil (sandy loam) for 14 days, then rewet to the water content at which respiration was optimal [WC 35 (sand), WC200 (sandy loam)] and maintained at this level until day 68. Ground pea straw (C/N 26) was added and incorporated on day 1. The controls were maintained at the optimal water content throughout the 68 days. Respiration rates during the dry phase (days 1-14) decreased with decreasing water content. The flush of respiration after rewetting peaked on day 15 in the sandy loam and on day 16 in the sand; it was greatest in the soils that had been maintained at the lowest water content [WC25 (sand) and WC95 (sandy loam)]. Cumulative respiration during the remainder of the incubation period in which all soils were maintained at optimal water content increased more strongly in the soils that had been dry compared to the constantly moist control. On the final day of the dry period (day 14), cumulative respiration in the dry soils was 29-65% (sand) and 67-94% (sandy loam) of the constantly moist control whereas on day 68 it was 80-84% (sand) and 86-96% (sandy loam). The greater increase in cumulative respiration in the previously dry soils can be explained by the reduced decomposition rates during the dry period which resulted in higher substrate availability on day 14 compared to the constantly moist control. Microbial community structure assessed by phospholipid fatty acid analyses changed over time in all treatments but was less affected by water content than respiration; it differed only between the highest and the lowest water content. These differences were maintained throughout the incubation period in the sandy loam and transiently in the sand. It can be concluded that the soil water content during the dry phase affects the size of the flush in microbial activity upon rewetting and that microbial activity in previously dried soils may not be fully restored even after 54 days of moist incubation, suggesting that drying of soil can have a significant and long-lasting impact on microbial functioning.

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“…In both cases, microbial biomass carbon was signi fi cantly higher than on control plots (Zaller and Köpke 2004 ) , which leads to the conclusion that FYM had an important effect on the soil microbial biomass buildup. Wada and Toyota ( 2007 ) went a step further and discovered that FYM applications add to the stability of soil biological functions, where microbial and fungal populations show resilience and resistance against disinfection. In addition, FYM contributes toward a changed soil nitrogen composition and higher rates of protein amino acids, which bind nitrogen in the soil (Scheller and Raupp 2005 ) .…”

Section: Effects Of Bd Preparations On Soil Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Biodynamic Soil Fertility Management

Turinek

Bavec

2012

Advances in Citrus Nutrition

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Biodynamic (BD) agriculture became the subject of interest in the last years as an increasing number of researchers, professionals, and farmers are starting to explore and practice this way of farming. Basic BD practices and their background are presented in this chapter, backed with research results and fi ndings from scienti fi c literature. One of the more known and at the same time controversial topic of BD farming, the BD preparations, are explored more into detail, with a focus on processes in the compost, the soil, and the buildup of soil fertility with their use. Moreover, effects of BD practices on perennial crops are exempli fi ed on the case of the vine since there is yet no research published on other perennial crops. The importance of the complex soil-plant system and the potential in fl uence of BD practices are put into perspective.

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Repeated applications of farmyard manure enhance resistance and resilience of soil biological functions against soil disinfection

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of Three Organophosphorous Nematicides on Non-target Nematodes and Soil Microbial Community

Effect of Three Organophosphorous Nematicides on Non-target Nematodes and Soil Microbial Community

Recovery of soil respiration after drying

Biodynamic Soil Fertility Management

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