Repeated administrations of carbon nanotubes in male mice cause reversible testis damage without affecting fertility

Aims: The addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) remarkably improves the mechanical characteristics of base materials. CNT/alumina ceramic composites are expected to be highly functional biomaterials useful in a variety of medical fields. Biocompatibility and bone tissue compatibility were studied for the application of CNT/alumina composites as biomaterials.Methods & results: Inflammation reactions in response to the composite were as mild as those of alumina ceramic alone in a subcutaneous implantation study. In bone implantation testing, the composite showed good bone tissue compatibility and connected directly to new bone. An in vitro cell attachment test was performed for osteoblasts, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells, and CNT/alumina composite showed cell attachment similar to that of alumina ceramic.Discussion & conclusion: Owing to proven good biocompatibility and bone tissue compatibility, the application of CNT/alumina composites as biomaterials that contact bone, such as prostheses in arthroplasty and devices for bone repair, are expected.4

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“…Although some reports on the safety of CNTs in biomaterials have been published, further detailed study is required [48][49][50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatibility and bone tissue compatibility of alumina ceramics reinforced with carbon nanotubes

et al. 2012

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“…12,13 Small numbers of nanoparticles can also enter organs such as the brain 14,15 and testis. 16 Delicate organs such as the brain and testis, as well as the fetus, are protected by dedicated protection barriers. Nanoparticles were also able to penetrate these barriers and pose potential risk.…”

Section: Absorption Distribution Metabolism and Excretion Of Nanopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…182 In another experimental paradigm, repeated intravenous injection of MWCNTs into male mice caused reversible testicular damage without affecting fertility. 16 After intravenous injections, MWCNTs were found to accumulate in the testes, and the oxidative stress level in the testes increased. MWCNT injection also decreased the thickness of the seminiferous epithelium in the testis at day 15, but both ROS level and the thinning of seminiferous epithelium were repaired by days 60 and 90.…”

Section: Reproductive Nanotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of both types of gold nanoparticles in the fetal membrane and placenta was 100-300 times greater than in the fetus, suggesting that gold nanoparticles must cross both the chorioallantoic placenta and the yolk sac placenta to enter the fetus. 196 However, in another study, no 198 Au-colloidal nanoparticles (4-200 nm) were found in the amniotic fluid, fetal membranes, or fetus 15 min after a single injection of the nanoparticles into the iliac artery of pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats on gestational days [16][17][18]. At that time point, nanoparticles had already entered the dam's circulation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Perturbation of physiological systems by nanoparticles

et al. 2014

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Nanotechnology is having a tremendous impact on our society. However, societal concerns about human safety under nanoparticle exposure may derail the broad application of this promising technology. Nanoparticles may enter the human body via various routes, including respiratory pathways, the digestive tract, skin contact, intravenous injection, and implantation. After absorption, nanoparticles are carried to distal organs by the bloodstream and the lymphatic system. During this process, they interact with biological molecules and perturb physiological systems. Although some ingested or absorbed nanoparticles are eliminated, others remain in the body for a long time. The human body is composed of multiple systems that work together to maintain physiological homeostasis. The unexpected invasion of these systems by nanoparticles disturbs normal cell signaling, impairs cell and organ functions, and may even cause pathological disorders. This review examines the comprehensive health risks of exposure to nanoparticles by discussing how nanoparticles perturb various physiological systems as revealed by animal studies. The potential toxicity of nanoparticles to each physiological system and the implications of disrupting the balance among systems are emphasized.

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“…The dosage of 500 mg/kg nano ZnO showed significant effects on male mouse liver, kidney, and heart function and also affected the quality and quantity of mouse sperm and induced the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells. By investigating effects of carbon nanotubes on the reproductive systems of mice, Bai et al (2010) discovered that carbon nanotubes caused reversible testicular injury without affecting the fertility of male mice. In brief, carbon nanotube treatment-induced oxidative damage and spermatogenic epithelium thickness decrease in male mice after 15 days, which were respectively recovered through self-repair in 60 and 90 days and did not affect the fertility of male mice.…”

Section: Social Risks Of Nanotechnologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology in agriculture, livestock, and aquaculture in China. A review

Huang

Wang

Liu

et al. 2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

222

108

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Nanoscience emerged in the late 1980s and is developed and applied in China since the middle of the 1990s. Although nanotechnologies have been less developed in agronomy than other disciplines, due to less investment, nanotechnologies have the potential to improve agricultural production. Here, we review more than 200 reports involving nanoscience in agriculture, livestock, and aquaculture. The major points are as follows: (1) nanotechnologies used for seeds and water improved plant germination, growth, yield, and quality. (2) Nanotechnologies could increase the storage period for vegetables and fruits. (3) For livestock and poultry breeding, nanotechnologies improved animals immunity, oxidation resistance, and production and decreased antibiotic use and manure odor. For instance, the average daily gain of pig increased by 9.9-15.3 %, the ratio of feedstuff to weight decreased by 7.5-10.3 %, and the diarrhea rate decreased by 55.6-66.7 %. (4) Nanotechnologies for water disinfection in fishpond increased water quality and increased yields and survivals of fish and prawn. (5) Nanotechnologies for pesticides increased pesticide performance threefold and reduced cost by 50 %. (6) Nano urea increased the agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilization by 44.5 % and the grain yield by 10.2 %, versus normal urea. (7) Nanotechnologies are widely used for rapid detection and diagnosis, notably for clinical examination, food safety testing, and animal epidemic surveillance. (8) Nanotechnologies may also have adverse effects that are so far not well known.

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Repeated administrations of carbon nanotubes in male mice cause reversible testis damage without affecting fertility

Cited by 258 publications

References 45 publications

Biocompatibility and bone tissue compatibility of alumina ceramics reinforced with carbon nanotubes

Biocompatibility and bone tissue compatibility of alumina ceramics reinforced with carbon nanotubes

Perturbation of physiological systems by nanoparticles

Nanotechnology in agriculture, livestock, and aquaculture in China. A review

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