Repeatability of Retrobulbar Blood Flow Velocity Measured Using Color Doppler Imaging in the Indianapolis Glaucoma Progression Study

Ehrlich, Rita; Harris, Alon; Siesky, Brent; Moss, A.; Ramanathan, Meera; Pickett, Melanie A.; WuDunn, Darrell; Hawkes, Michael; Shoshani, Yochai Z.

doi:10.1097/ijg.0b013e3181f46606

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Similar to our results, high interobserver ICCs for CDI measurements were recently reported by the Indianapolis Glaucoma Progression Study, based on a pilot analysis of 13 patients with glaucoma (Ehrlich et al 2010). The ICCs found were 0.8 for PSV and 0.6 for EDV in the CRA, and 0.97 for PSV and 0.71 for EDV in the OA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…2009). In addition, when the examination is repeated on different days, factors other than operator error‐induced variance may account for the variability of measurements (Ehrlich et al. 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, several studies have assessed the intra-observer consistency of CDI blood flow velocity measurements and have reported highly reproducible results, most notably in the ophthalmic artery (OA) (Rojanapongpun et al 1993;Tamaki et al 1993;Baxter & Williamson 1995;Harris et al 1995;Rankin et al 1995;Quaranta et al 1997;Schmetterer et al 1997Schmetterer et al , 1998Niwa et al 1998;Ne´meth et al 2002;Matthiessen et al 2004;Polska et al 2004;Stalmans et al 2009). However, few studies have been conducted on the interobserver agreement of CDI blood flow velocity measure-Agreement among three examiners of colour Doppler imaging retrobulbar blood flow velocity measurements ments, and results have been variable (Baxter & Williamson 1995;Senn et al 1996;Quaranta et al 1997;Schmetterer et al 1998;Ehrlich et al 2010). The observer dependency of CDI measurements should thus be further explored, before meaningful data can be obtained for either clinical or research purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agreement among three examiners of colour Doppler imaging retrobulbar blood flow velocity measurements

Founti

Harris

Papadopoulou

et al. 2011

Acta Ophthalmologica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To assess the agreement among three masked examiners on central retinal artery (CRA) and ophthalmic artery (OA) blood flow velocity measurements performed with colour Doppler imaging (CDI) in healthy volunteers. Methods: The study included 30 eyes of 15 healthy volunteers. Prior to the study, all examiners underwent intensive CDI training by an expert to facilitate uniformity in performing measurements according to a specific protocol. Following the eligibility visit, three masked examiners performed CDI measurements assessing the CRA and OA in both eyes of all subjects. All CDI images were analysed by a masked grader. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) in the CRA and OA among the examiners. p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The study included seven men and eight women (mean age 30.9 ± 4.5 years). In right eyes, ICCs for PSV and EDV in the CRA ranged from 0.917 to 0.961 and from 0.937 to 0.980, respectively. ICCs for PSV and EDV in the OA ranged from 0.802 to 0.926 and from 0.611 to 0.891, respectively. In left eyes, all ICCs for PSV and EDV were >0.9, both in the CRA and the OA. All p-values calculated for ICCs were statistically significant. Conclusion: Expert training and execution of a specific protocol for CDI of ocular blood flow velocity measurements provide highly reproducible results in healthy volunteers. This is important for long-term studies assessing ocular hemodynamics, where multiple examiners may be involved.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agreement among three examiners of colour Doppler imaging retrobulbar blood flow velocity measurements

Founti

Harris

Papadopoulou

et al. 2011

Acta Ophthalmologica

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“…It is used to assess the blood flow velocity of retrobulbar vessels using resistivity index as the parameter. A higher value of resistivity index represents greater resistance of vasculature, indicating deleterious significance 42. Lack of quantification of vessel diameter in this method limits the application in terms of assessing OBF directly.…”

Section: The Basic Research and Clinical Investigations Of Ntgmentioning

confidence: 99%

The current research status of normal tension glaucoma

Mi¹,

Yuan²,

So³

2014

CIA

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Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is a progressive optic neuropathy that mimics primary open-angle glaucoma, but lacks the findings of elevated intraocular pressure or other mitigating factors that can lead to optic neuropathy. The present review summarized the causes, genetics, and mechanisms underlying NTG in both animal models and human patients. We also proposed that the neurovascular unit is a therapeutic target for NTG management.

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“…To ensure the quality of the measurements, the average of at least three EKG waves was used and angle correction was applied when needed. 33 CDI measurements were taken in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and nasal and temporal posterior ciliary arteries (NPCA and TPCA, respectively). In each vessel, peak systolic (PSV) and end diastolic (EDV) velocities were determined and the Pourcelot vascular resistive index (RI) was calculated.…”

Section: Retrobulbar Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Ocular Blood Flow Between People of African and European Descent With Healthy Eyes

Kaskan

Ramezani

Harris

et al. 2016

Journal of Glaucoma

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Purpose: To investigate differences in ocular blood flow between people of African (AD) and European descent (ED) with healthy eyes.Methods: Retrobulbar and retinal capillary blood flow was assessed in one eye of 58 participants (24 AD, 34 ED) with healthy eyes with systemic blood pressure lower than 140/90. Retrobulbar blood flow was measured in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), nasal (NPCA) and temporal posterior ciliary arteries (TPCA). Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI) were assessed. Retinal capillary blood flow was assessed using mean retinal flow and avascular space defined as the percent of area measured with no blood flow. Groups were compared using t-tests and Pearson correlations were compared using Fisher r-toz transformation.Results: Compared to people of ED, people of AD had significantly lower EDV in the NPCA (p=0.01), and higher RI in the CRA (p=0.04) and TPCA (p=0.01). No significant differences were observed in mean retinal capillary flow or avascular area. In the CRA, a significant positive correlation was observed between pattern standard deviation (PSD) and PSV (p=0.02) and this correlation was significantly different from that observed in the ED group (p=0.01). A significant correlation was also observed between PSD and EDV (0.04) in the AD group. Conclusion:This study suggests that retrobulbar blood flow is lower in healthy eyes in persons of AD compared to ED. This may provide a mechanism through which people of AD are at increased risk for ophthalmic diseases such as glaucoma.

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Repeatability of Retrobulbar Blood Flow Velocity Measured Using Color Doppler Imaging in the Indianapolis Glaucoma Progression Study

Abstract: Blood flow velocities and calculated vascular resistance of the OA, CRA, and PCAs conducted within 2 weeks in patients with OAG are repeatable. Intraobserver CDI measurements were found more reproducible than interobserver CDI analysis.

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Agreement among three examiners of colour Doppler imaging retrobulbar blood flow velocity measurements

Agreement among three examiners of colour Doppler imaging retrobulbar blood flow velocity measurements

The current research status of normal tension glaucoma

Differences in Ocular Blood Flow Between People of African and European Descent With Healthy Eyes

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