Reorientation rates and asymmetry of distribution of lysophospholipids between the inner and outer leaflet of the erythrocyte membrane

Asymmetry of membrane fluidity in the lipid bilayer of blood platelets: Fluorescence study with diphenylhexatriene and analogs

“…It has been postulated that amphiphiles such as fatty acids, lysophospholipids, detergents, acyl carnitines and native phospholipids reorient on change from one leaflet of the bilayer to the other by a flipflop mechanism (Bergmann et al, 1984;Classen, Deuticke & Haest, 1989;Br6ring, Haest & Deuticke, 1989). The transbilayer incorporation of TMA-DPH depends strongly on temperature, suggesting the presence of a big energy barrier.…”

“…Reorientation of DPH and its analogs to the inner membrane layer was quantitated by following decrease in their extraction with albumin by a described method (Bergmann et al, 1984;Lubin et al, 1988) with some modifications. After incubation of the platelet suspension (8 x 105//,1) with 1.5/xM concentrations of DPH and its analogs for various times, 1 ml of the suspension was collected and transferred to / mt of 3% albumin solution.…”

Phospholipids in animal eukaryotic membranes: transverse asymmetry and movement

“…If the analogues are partially water-soluble, their spontaneous insertion in the membrane corresponds to a partition between the aqueous buffer and the hydrophobic bilayer. Their distribution between the two monolayers with time is determined either by selective destruction of the probe in the outer leaflet or by selective extraction of the analogue from the external monolayer using Kornberg and McConnell, 1971Yuann and Morse, 1991Cabral et al, 1987Homan and Pownall, 1988Rothman and Dawidowicz, 1975de Kruijff et al, 1978Eastman et al, 1991Rothman et al, 1976Daleke and Huestis, 1985Middelkoop et al, 1986Bergmann et al, 1984Bitbol and Devaux, 1988Morrot et al, 1989Crain and Zilversmit, 1980Sandra and Pagano, 1978Lipka et al, 1991Barsukov et al, 1986 back-exchange into acceptor structures such as liposomes or bovine serum albumin (Bergmann et al, 1984;Biitikofer et al, 1990;Calvez et al, 1988;Connor et al, 1990;Daleke and Huestis, 1989). In the case of erythrocytes, whose shape is sensitive to the relative amount of lipid in each of the two membrane leaflets according to the bilayer-couple hypothesis (Deuticke, 1968;Sheetz and Singer, 1974), these changes ( Figure 3) have also been used to follow the transmembrane motion of lipids (Daleke and Huestis, 1985;.…”

“…In the human erythrocyte membrane, all the reported data agree that phosphatidylcholine undergoes a passive diffusion, with a half-time of several hours. This time depends strongly on the molecular phosphatidylcholine species (Fujii et al, 1986;Middlekoop et al, 1986; Meer et al, 1982) and on the membrane sphingomyelin and cholesterol contents (Bergmann et al, 1984;Morrot et al, 1989). Similar data have been reported in the plasma membranes of erythrocytes belonging to other species Crain and Zilversmit, 1980;Devaux et al, 1988) and with cultured cells (Sandra and Pagano, 1978 Bitbol and Devaux, 1988;Calvez et al, 1988;Morrot et al, 1989 Long-chain, diacyl 8-10 min Huestis, 1985, 1989;Tilley et al, 1986 Fluorescent (NBD) 10-30 min Colleau et al, 1991;Schroit, 1987, 1989 (Venien and Le Grimellec, 1988).…”

Influence of altered phospholipid composition of the membrane outer layer on red blood cell aggregation: relation to shape changes and glycocalyx structure

“…Desired amounts of the organic solution were dried in tubes and erythrocyte suspensions were added and gently stirred in these tubes at room temperature. Measurements bearing on these suspensions were performed within 20 rain in order to avoid substantial reorientation of the incorporated lysophospholipids (Bergmann et al 1984). The concentration in lysophospholipids are expressed in gmol/litre packed cells.…”