Reorganization of Asian climate in relation to Tibetan Plateau uplift

Wu, Fuli; Fang, Xiaomin; Yang, Yibo; Dupont‐Nivet, Guillaume; Junsheng, Nie; Fluteau, Frédéric; Zhang, Tao; Han, Wenxia

doi:10.1038/s43017-022-00331-7

Cited by 106 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 206 publications

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“…We propose that the entire TP may have reached its maximum elevation and spatial extent during the Late Miocene, which would have affected regional climatic and biological evolution through physical blocking and thermodynamic effects on the transport of atmospheric water vapor and the resulting precipitation ( 3 , 6 , 63 ). To quantitatively evaluate the precipitation variability in the TP, we ran the Regional Climate Model (RegCM4.6) with a 30-km resolution, reducing the elevation of the NTP to 33% in a sensitivity test (similar to the scenario of a low TP during the Middle Miocene, called exp.…”

Section: Impact Of Uplift On Climate and Biodiversity Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact Of Uplift On Climate and Biodiversity Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Tibet Plateau (TP) is the world’s highest inhabited terrain, with an area >2.5×10 6 km 2 and an average elevation >4000 meters above sea level (m asl); it is also commonly referred to as the “Third Pole” or the “Asian Water Tower”. Its uplift is a direct expression of the geodynamic processes of Earth’s interior caused by the collision of the India-Asia plates ( 1 – 3 ) and regarded as the main factor driving the evolution of the Asian monsoon regime ( 3 – 6 ) and alpine biodiversity ( 7 – 9 ). Despite considerable controversy ( 10 , 11 ), the Miocene epoch is now deemed critical for understanding the timing of the attainment of the highest paleoelevation of the TP ( 12 – 15 ), the development of the modern Asia monsoon regime ( 3 – 6 ), and the acceleration of the evolution of alpine biodiversity ( 7 , 8 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its uplift is a direct expression of the geodynamic processes of Earth’s interior caused by the collision of the India-Asia plates ( 1 – 3 ) and regarded as the main factor driving the evolution of the Asian monsoon regime ( 3 – 6 ) and alpine biodiversity ( 7 – 9 ). Despite considerable controversy ( 10 , 11 ), the Miocene epoch is now deemed critical for understanding the timing of the attainment of the highest paleoelevation of the TP ( 12 – 15 ), the development of the modern Asia monsoon regime ( 3 – 6 ), and the acceleration of the evolution of alpine biodiversity ( 7 , 8 ). However, compared with the abundant proxy data and paleoelevation reconstructions for the southern TP (e.g., based on mammalian ecology ( 16 ), plant fossils ( 15 ), sedimentary characteristics including isotope geochemistry ( 17 ), and tectonic collapse) ( 12 ), the northern part—despite being an integral part of the TP—remains poorly understood.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A new biologic paleoaltimetry indicating Late Miocene rapid uplift of northern Tibet Plateau

Miao

Fang

Sun

et al. 2022

Science

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The uplift of the Tibet Plateau (TP) during the Miocene is crucial to understanding the evolution of Asian monsoon regimes and alpine biodiversity. However, the northern Tibet Plateau (NTP) remains poorly investigated. We use pollen records of montane conifers ( Tsuga , Podocarpus , Abies , and Picea ) as a new paleoaltimetry to construct two parallel midrange paleoelevation sequences in the NTP at 1332 ± 189 m and 433 ± 189 m, respectively, during the Middle Miocene [~15 million years ago (Ma)]. Both midranges increased rapidly to 3685 ± 87 m in the Late Miocene (~11 Ma) in the east, and to 3589 ± 62 m at ~7 Ma in the west. Our estimated rises in the east and west parts of the NTP during 15 to 7 Ma, together with data from other TP regions, indicate that during the Late Miocene the entire plateau may have reached a high elevation close to that of today, with consequent impacts on atmospheric precipitation and alpine biodiversity.

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Section: Impact Of Uplift On Climate and Biodiversity Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact Of Uplift On Climate and Biodiversity Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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A new biologic paleoaltimetry indicating Late Miocene rapid uplift of northern Tibet Plateau

Miao

Fang

Sun

et al. 2022

Science

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“…The EA region is under the effect of the Asian Monsoon system which is composed of the East Asia monsoon (EAM) and the Indian monsoon (IM) (Wang and Ho, 2002). The ancient pattern of the Asian Monsoon has expanded northward to the subtropical region during Eocene, probably driven by the uplift of the TP, global cooling, and rapid regression of the proto-Paratethys Sea (Licht et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2022). The modernlike pattern of the EAM appeared between the late Oligocene and early Miocene, caused also by the TP uplift and global cooling, and other historical changes, such as high-latitude temperature changes (Lu and Guo, 2014;Clift et al, 2015;Deng et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monsoon intensification in East Asia triggered the evolution of its flora

Tian

2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionEast Asia (EA), which falls within the region of the Asian monsoon that is composed of the East Asia monsoon (EAM) and the Indian monsoon (IM), is known for its high species diversity and endemism. This has been attributed to extreme physiographical heterogeneity in conjunction with climate and sea-level changes during the Pleistocene, this hypothesis has been widely proven by phylogeographic studies. Recently, dated phylogenies have indicated that the origins (stem age) of the flora occurred after the Oligocene–Miocene boundary and are related to the establishment of the EAM.MethodsHence, this study further examined whether the strengthening of the monsoons triggered floral evolution via a meta-analysis of the tempo-spatial pattern of evolutionary radiation dates (crown ages) of 101 endemic seed plant genera.ResultsTaxonomic diversification began during the late Eocene, whereas the accumulated number of diversifications did not significantly accelerate until the late Miocene. The distribution of the weighted mean and the average divergence times in the EAM, IM, or transitional regions all fall within the mid-late Miocene. Fossils of the Tertiary relict genera are mostly and widely distributed outside EA and only half of the earliest fossils in the EA region are not older than Miocene, while their divergence times are mostly after the late Miocene. The pattern of divergence time of monotypic and polytypic taxa suggest the climatic changes after the late Pliocene exert more influence on monotypic taxa.DiscussionThe two key stages of floral evolution coincide with the intensifications of the EAM and IM, especially the summer monsoon which brings a humid climate. An integrated review of previous studies concerning flora, genus, and species levels further supports our suggestion that monsoon intensification in EA triggered the evolution of its flora.

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Integrated phylogenetic analyses reveal the evolutionary, biogeographic, and diversification history of Asian warty treefrog genus Theloderma (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

Luo,

Zhao,

Lan

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Asian warty treefrogs, genus Theloderma, are morphologically variable arboreal frogs endemic to Southeast Asia and Southern China. However, integrated systematic studies are lacking, and knowledge of the genus in terms of diversity, origin, and historical diversification remains limited. To address these knowledge gaps, we used three mitochondrial and five nuclear gene fragments to reconstruct the Theloderma phylogeny, estimate divergence times, and examine the biogeography of the genus. Phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses suggest that the genus Theloderma comprises three major clades corresponding to two subgenera and seven species groups, and mPTP identified at least 12 putative cryptic species, suggesting that species diversity has been underestimated. Biogeographic analyses indicated that most recent common ancestor of Theloderma originated in the Indochina Peninsula during the Middle Oligocene (ca. 27.77 Ma) and the splitting of Clade A to C occurred in the Late Oligocene (ca. 23.55–25.57 Ma). Current biogeographic patterns result from two distinct processes: in situ diversification in the Indochina Peninsula and dispersal in multiple areas, namely southward dispersal to the Malay Peninsula and Borneo, northeastward dispersal to Southern China, northward dispersal to the Himalayas, and dispersal from Southern China to the Indochina Peninsula. Ancestral character reconstruction suggests that the ancestor of Theloderma may have possessed a small body size, rough dorsal skin, and absence of vomerine teeth and hand webbing, and that these four characters have undergone multiple evolutions. Principal component analysis based on eight bioclimatic variables did not clearly distinguish the three major clades of Theloderma, suggesting that species in these clades may occupy similar climatic ecological niches. Our research highlights the importance of orogeny and paleoclimatic changes, in shaping amphibian biodiversity in mountain ecosystems.

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Reorganization of Asian climate in relation to Tibetan Plateau uplift

Cited by 106 publications

References 206 publications

A new biologic paleoaltimetry indicating Late Miocene rapid uplift of northern Tibet Plateau

A new biologic paleoaltimetry indicating Late Miocene rapid uplift of northern Tibet Plateau

Monsoon intensification in East Asia triggered the evolution of its flora

Integrated phylogenetic analyses reveal the evolutionary, biogeographic, and diversification history of Asian warty treefrog genus Theloderma (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

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