Renovascular Hypertension Aggravates Atherosclerosis in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits

Chen, Yajie; Waqar, Ahmed Bilal; Yan, Hai‐Xing; Wang, Yanli; Liang, Jingyan; Fan, Jianglin

doi:10.1159/000498897

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…A number of pathophysiologic pathways are shared by both disorders. Endothelial dysfunction, which aggravates atherosclerosis and makes atherosclerotic plaques more unstable, is caused by hypertension [ 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Several studies on lycopene supplementation have showed promising results in lowering blood pressure and coronary artery disease [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lycopene: A Natural Arsenal in the War against Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2022

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Lycopene is a bioactive red pigment found in plants, especially in red fruits and vegetables, including tomato, pink guava, papaya, pink grapefruit, and watermelon. Several research reports have advocated its positive impact on human health and physiology. For humans, lycopene is an essential substance obtained from dietary sources to fulfil the body requirements. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing oxidative stress and downstream complications include one of the major health concerns worldwide. In recent years, oxidative stress and its counter strategies have attracted biomedical research in order to manage the emerging health issues. Lycopene has been reported to directly interact with ROS, which can help to prevent chronic diseases, including diabetes and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. In this context, the present review article was written to provide an accumulative account of protective and ameliorative effects of lycopene on coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertension, which are the leading causes of death worldwide. Lycopene is a potent antioxidant that fights ROS and, subsequently, complications. It reduces blood pressure via inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme and regulating nitrous oxide bioavailability. It plays an important role in lowering of LDL (low-density lipoproteins) and improving HDL (high-density lipoproteins) levels to minimize atherosclerosis, which protects the onset of coronary artery disease and hypertension. Various studies have advocated that lycopene exhibited a combating competence in the treatment of these diseases. Owing to all the antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-hypertensive properties, lycopene provides a potential nutraceutical with a protective and curing ability against coronary artery disease and hypertension.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lycopene: A Natural Arsenal in the War against Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2022

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“…ApoE KO and WT NZW rabbits aged 7 months (6 males and females for both groups) were fed a cholesterol diet for 16 weeks. The cholesterol diet used for this experiment was composed of the normal standard diet (17% protein, 4% fat, and 14% crude fiber) (CLEA Japan, Inc, Tokyo, Japan), which was supplemented with 0.3% cholesterol and 3% soybean oil, which did not affect the body weight ( 27 ). These two models exhibited hypercholesterolemia due to the accumulation of plasma remnant lipoproteins (β-VLDLs) ( 28 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using these three models, we investigated whether different types of hypercholesterolemia exert different effects on the development of cerebral atherosclerosis. Furthermore, we examined cerebral atherosclerosis in hypertensive WHHL rabbits induced by 1K1C (surgical removal of the left kidney and partial ligation of the right renal artery) methods, as reported in previous studies ( 26 , 27 ). All animal experiments were performed according to the approval of the Animal Care Committee of the University of Yamanashi and conformed to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals published by the US National Institutes of Health.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological Investigations of Intracranial Atherosclerosis Using Multiple Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit Models

Tang

Niimi²,

Zhou³

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundIntracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) is one of the most common causes of ischemic stroke, but there are few animal models that can recapitulate its pathological features. In this study, we examined ICAS pathological features and anatomic distributions using three types of hyperlipidemic rabbit models. We also investigated the effect of different lipoprotein profiles and hypertension on ICAS.Materials and MethodsWe examined Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits, apoE knockout (KO) rabbits and wild-type rabbits (WT) fed a cholesterol diet, in addition to WT rabbits fed a standard diet as a control. The whole brain was dissected and embedded in paraffin. Serial sections were stained with either hematoxylin/eosin or elastica van Gieson, or immunohistochemically stained with monoclonal antibodies against macrophages and smooth muscle cells. We investigated (1) the presence of cerebral atherosclerosis; (2) the lesion locations in the cerebral arteries; (3) the degree of lumen stenosis; (4) pathological features and cellular components of the lesions in these rabbits; and (5) whether hypertension affects ICAS.ResultsICAS was detected in apoE and WHHL rabbits, but not in WT rabbits. Compared with apoE KO rabbits, WHHL rabbits had greater ICAS. The lesions of cerebral atherosclerosis were mainly distributed at the bifurcations of the posterior cerebral artery, basilar artery and vertebral artery, and they were basically characterized by smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix with few macrophages. The extent of the ICAS in WHHL rabbits was significantly increased by hypertension.ConclusionsICAS was detected in WHHL and apoE KO rabbits, and occurred in specific locations in the cerebral arteries. Hypertension promotes the development of ICAS in the setting of hypercholesterolemia.

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“…These results indicated that hypertension not only enhances the development of atherosclerosis but also promotes plaque rupture that leads to cardiac death [ 63 ], a phenomenon that is rarely seen in mouse models. Another study also reprised the effect of hypertension on atherosclerosis by showing that hypertension promotes atherosclerosis in large arteries and also affects arteriolosclerosis in small arteries independent of lipid and apolipoprotein levels in plasma [ 64 ].…”

Section: Animal Models Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Mouse Models of Atherosclerosis: Approaches to Exploring the Translational Potential of New Therapies

Kamato

Ilyas

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Cardiovascular disease is the largest single cause of disease-related mortality worldwide and the major underlying pathology is atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis develops as a complex process of vascular lipid deposition and retention by modified proteoglycans, endothelial dysfunction and unresolved chronic inflammation. There are a multitude of current therapeutic agents, most based on lowering plasma lipid levels, but, overall, they have a lower than optimum level of efficacy and many deaths continue to arise from cardiovascular disease world-wide. To identify and evaluate potential novel cardiovascular drugs, suitable animal models that reproduce human atherosclerosis with a high degree of fidelity are required as essential pre-clinical research tools. Commonly used animal models of atherosclerosis include mice (ApoE−/−, LDLR−/− mice and others), rabbits (WHHL rabbits and others), rats, pigs, hamster, zebrafish and non-human primates. Models based on various wild-type and genetically modified mice have been extensively reviewed but mice may not always be appropriate. Thus, here, we provide an overview of the advantages and shortcomings of various non-mouse animal models of atherosclerotic plaque formation, and plaque rupture, as well as commonly used interventional strategies. Taken together, the combinatorial selection of suitable animal models readily facilitates reproducible and rigorous translational research in discovering and validating novel anti-atherosclerotic drugs.

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Renovascular Hypertension Aggravates Atherosclerosis in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Lycopene: A Natural Arsenal in the War against Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Diseases

Lycopene: A Natural Arsenal in the War against Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Diseases

Pathological Investigations of Intracranial Atherosclerosis Using Multiple Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit Models

Non-Mouse Models of Atherosclerosis: Approaches to Exploring the Translational Potential of New Therapies

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