Renoprotective effect of Chrysanthemum coronarium L. extract on adenine-induced chronic kidney disease in mice

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of kidney function associated with inflammation and fibrosis. Chrysanthemum coronarium L. (CC), a leafy vegetable, possesses various beneficial properties, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effects. This study aimed to determine the renoprotective effects of CC on adenine-induced CKD in mice. CKD was induced by feeding mice an adenine diet (0.25% w/w) for 4 weeks. Changes in renal function, histopathology, inflammation, and renal interstitial fibrosis were analyzed. The adenine-fed mice were characterized by increased blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and histological changes, including inflammation and fibrosis; however, these changes were significantly restored on treatment with CC. Additionally, CC inhibited the expression of inflammatory markers, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukins-6 and − 1β, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and cyclooxygenase 2. Moreover, CC suppressed the expression of the fibrotic markers, type IV collagen, and fibronectin. Furthermore, CC attenuated the expression of profibrotic genes (tumor growth factor-β and α- smooth muscle actin) in adenine-induced renal injury mice. These results suggest that CC has the potential to attenuate adenine-induced renal injury and might offer a new option as a renoprotective agent or functional food supplement for moderate CKD.