Renin-Angiotensin System in the Kidney and Oxidative Stress: Local Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Oxidative Stress in the Kidney

Kiyomoto, Hideyasu; Kobori, Hiroyuki; Nishiyama, Akira

doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-857-7_4

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The important role of an activated intrarenal RAS in the pathogenesis of CKD is extensively discussed in a recent review article [45]. In order to test the hypothesis that urinary AGT levels are enhanced in CKD patients and correlated with some clinical parameters, 80 patients with CKD (37 women and 43 men, from 18 to 94 years old) and seven healthy volunteers (two women and five men, from 27 to 43 years old) were recruited [58].…”

Section: Urinary Agt As a Novel Biomarker Of Intrarenal Ras In Hypertmentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmented intrarenal and urinary angiotensinogen in hypertension and chronic kidney disease

Kobori

Urushihara

2012

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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Activated intrarenal renin–angiotensin system plays a cardinal role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Angiotensinogen is the only known substrate for renin, which is the rate-limiting enzyme of the renin–angiotensin system. Because the levels of angiotensinogen are close to the Michaelis–Menten constant values for renin, angiotensinogen levels as well as renin levels can control the renin–angiotensin system activity, and thus, upregulation of angiotensinogen leads to an increase in the angiotensin II levels and ultimately increases blood pressure. Recent studies using experimental animal models have documented the involvement of angiotensinogen in the intrarenal renin–angiotensin system activation and development of hypertension. Enhanced intrarenal angiotensinogen mRNA and/or protein levels were observed in experimental models of hypertension and chronic kidney disease, supporting the important roles of angiotensinogen in the development and the progression of hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Urinary excretion rates of angiotensinogen provide a specific index of the intrarenal renin–angiotensin system status in angiotensin II-infused rats. Also, a direct quantitative method has been developed recently to measure urinary angiotensinogen using human angiotensinogen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These data prompted us to measure urinary angiotensinogen in patients with hypertension and chronic kidney disease, and investigate correlations with clinical parameters. This short article will focus on the role of the augmented intrarenal angiotensinogen in the pathophysiology of hypertension and chronic kidney disease. In addition, the potential of urinary angiotensinogen as a novel biomarker of the intrarenal renin–angiotensin system status in hypertension and chronic kidney disease will be also discussed.

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Section: Urinary Agt As a Novel Biomarker Of Intrarenal Ras In Hypertmentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmented intrarenal and urinary angiotensinogen in hypertension and chronic kidney disease

Kobori

Urushihara

2012

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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Animal Models in Cardiovascular Research: Hypertension and Atherosclerosis

Leong

Jaarin

2015

BioMed Research International

156

125

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Hypertension and atherosclerosis are among the most common causes of mortality in both developed and developing countries. Experimental animal models of hypertension and atherosclerosis have become a valuable tool for providing information on etiology, pathophysiology, and complications of the disease and on the efficacy and mechanism of action of various drugs and compounds used in treatment. An animal model has been developed to study hypertension and atherosclerosis for several reasons. Compared to human models, an animal model is easily manageable, as compounding effects of dietary and environmental factors can be controlled. Blood vessels and cardiac tissue samples can be taken for detailed experimental and biomolecular examination. Choice of animal model is often determined by the research aim, as well as financial and technical factors. A thorough understanding of the animal models used and complete analysis must be validated so that the data can be extrapolated to humans. In conclusion, animal models for hypertension and atherosclerosis are invaluable in improving our understanding of cardiovascular disease and developing new pharmacological therapies.

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Renin-Angiotensin System in the Kidney and Oxidative Stress: Local Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Oxidative Stress in the Kidney

Cited by 2 publications

References 156 publications

Augmented intrarenal and urinary angiotensinogen in hypertension and chronic kidney disease

Augmented intrarenal and urinary angiotensinogen in hypertension and chronic kidney disease

Animal Models in Cardiovascular Research: Hypertension and Atherosclerosis

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