Renewal of Cells Within Taste Buds

Beidler, Lloyd M.; Smallman, Ronald L.

doi:10.1083/jcb.27.2.263

Cited by 586 publications

(406 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Stone [28], using X-inactivation mosaic mice, reported that multiple progenitors give rise to individual taste buds, and these progenitors are assumed to comprise the basal cells located at the base of taste buds, and/or perigemmal cells situated adjacent to taste buds proper [24-26]. Most recently, Okubo [52] have shown that cells within taste buds arise from K14-expressing basal keratinocytes, which sit along the basement membrane of the lingual epithelium, including that of taste papillae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression of a BMP4 reporter allele in anterior fungiform versus posterior circumvallate taste buds of mice

Nguyen

Barlow

2010

BMC Neurosci

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BackgroundBone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4) is a diffusible factor which regulates embryonic taste organ development. However, the role of BMP4 in taste buds of adult mice is unknown. We utilized transgenic mice with LacZ under the control of the BMP4 promoter to reveal the expression of BMP4 in the tongues of adult mice. Further we evaluate the pattern of BMP4 expression with that of markers of specific taste bud cell types and cell proliferation to define and compare the cell populations expressing BMP4 in anterior (fungiform papillae) and posterior (circumvallate papilla) tongue.ResultsBMP4 is expressed in adult fungiform and circumvallate papillae, i.e., lingual structures composed of non-taste epithelium and taste buds. Unexpectedly, we find both differences and similarities with respect to expression of BMP4-driven ß-galactosidase. In circumvallate papillae, many fusiform cells within taste buds are BMP4-ß-gal positive. Further, a low percentage of BMP4-expressing cells within circumvallate taste buds is immunopositive for markers of each of the three differentiated taste cell types (I, II and III). BMP4-positive intragemmal cells also expressed a putative marker of immature taste cells, Sox2, and consistent with this finding, intragemmal cells expressed BMP4-ß-gal within 24 hours after their final mitosis, as determined by BrdU birthdating. By contrast, in fungiform papillae, BMP4-ß-gal positive cells are never encountered within taste buds. However, in both circumvallate and fungiform papillae, BMP4-ß-gal expressing cells are located in the perigemmal region, comprising basal and edge epithelial cells adjacent to taste buds proper. This region houses the proliferative cell population that gives rise to adult taste cells. However, perigemmal BMP4-ß-gal cells appear mitotically silent in both fungiform and circumvallate taste papillae, as we do not find evidence of their active proliferation using cell cycle immunomarkers and BrdU birthdating.ConclusionOur data suggest that intragemmal BMP4-ß-gal cells in circumvallate papillae are immature taste cells which eventually differentiate into each of the 3 taste cell types, whereas perigemmal BMP4-ß-gal cells in both circumvallate and fungiform papillae may be slow cycling stem cells, or belong to the stem cell niche to regulate taste cell renewal from the proliferative cell population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression of a BMP4 reporter allele in anterior fungiform versus posterior circumvallate taste buds of mice

Nguyen

Barlow

2010

BMC Neurosci

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“…Gustatory receptors also have a limited lifespan and must be replaced to maintain the structure of the sensory epithelium. In rodents, the sensory cells in taste buds are replaced every 9 -14 d (Beidler and Smallman, 1965;Farbman, 1980;Delay et al, 1986;Zeng and Oakley, 1999). Because each taste bud contains ϳ50 -75 cells, this turnover rate implies that approximately three to five cells are replaced each day.…”

Section: Receptor Turnover In Other Sensory Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Caspases Prevents Ototoxic and Ongoing Hair Cell Death

2002

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Sensory hair cells die after acoustic trauma or ototoxic insults, but the signal transduction pathways that mediate hair cell death are not known. Here we identify several important signaling events that regulate the death of vestibular hair cells. Chick utricles were cultured in media supplemented with the ototoxic antibiotic neomycin and selected pharmacological agents that influence signaling molecules in cell death pathways. Hair cells that were treated with neomycin exhibited classically defined apoptotic morphologies such as condensed nuclei and fragmented DNA. Inhibition of protein synthesis (via treatment with cycloheximide) increased hair cell survival after treatment with neomycin, suggesting that hair cell death requires de novo protein synthesis. Finally, the inhibition of caspases promoted hair cell survival after neomycin treatment.Sensory hair cells in avian vestibular organs also undergo continual cell death and replacement throughout mature life. It is unclear whether the loss of hair cells stimulates the proliferation of supporting cells or whether the production of new cells triggers the death of hair cells. We examined the effects of caspase inhibition on spontaneous hair cell death in the chick utricle. Caspase inhibitors reduced the amount of ongoing hair cell death and ongoing supporting cell proliferation in a dosedependent manner. In isolated sensory epithelia, however, caspase inhibitors did not affect supporting cell proliferation directly. Our data indicate that ongoing hair cell death stimulates supporting cell proliferation in the mature utricle.

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“…The life span of taste cells is ϳ10 d in fungiform and vallate papillae of the adult rat (Beidler and Smallman, 1965;Farbman, 1980). Many mature taste cells are electrically excitable and are thought to develop from unexcitable, undifferentiated cells within the taste buds (Delay et al, 1986(Delay et al, , 1994.…”

Section: Postnatal Development and Cell Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal Development of Membrane Excitability in Taste Cells of the Mouse Vallate Papilla

et al. 2002

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The mammalian peripheral taste system undergoes functional changes during postnatal development. These changes could reflect age-dependent alterations in the membrane properties of taste cells, which use a vast array of ion channels for transduction mechanisms. Yet, scarce information is available on the membrane events in developing taste cells. We have addressed this issue by studying voltage-dependent Na ϩ , K ϩ , and Cl Ϫ currents (I Na , I K , and I Cl , respectively) in a subset of taste cells (the so-called "Na/OUT" cells, which are electrically excitable and thought to be sensory) from mouse vallate papilla. Voltage-dependent currents play a key role during taste transduction, especially in the generation of action potentials. Patch-clamp recordings revealed that I Na , I K , and I Cl were expressed early in postnatal development. However, only I K and I Cl densities increased significantly in developing Na/OUT cells.Consistent with the rise of I K density, we found that action potential waveform changed markedly, with an increased speed of repolarization that was accompanied by an enhanced capability of repetitive firing. In addition to membrane excitability changes in putative sensory cells, we observed a concomitant increase in the occurrence of glia-like taste cells (the so called "leaky" cells) among patched cells. Leaky cells are likely involved in dissipating the increase of extracellular K ϩ during action potential discharge in chemosensory cells. Thus, developing taste cells of the mouse vallate papilla undergo a significant electrophysiological maturation and diversification. These functional changes may have a profound impact on the transduction capabilities of taste buds during development.

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Renewal of Cells Within Taste Buds

Cited by 586 publications

References 15 publications

Differential expression of a BMP4 reporter allele in anterior fungiform versus posterior circumvallate taste buds of mice

Differential expression of a BMP4 reporter allele in anterior fungiform versus posterior circumvallate taste buds of mice

Inhibition of Caspases Prevents Ototoxic and Ongoing Hair Cell Death

Postnatal Development of Membrane Excitability in Taste Cells of the Mouse Vallate Papilla

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