Renewable methane from anaerobic digestion of biomass

Chynoweth, D.P.; Owens, J.M.; Legrand, Robert

doi:10.1016/s0960-1481(00)00019-7

Cited by 469 publications

(262 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The products of acidogenesis are then converted into acetic acid, hydrogen and carbon dioxide (Fantozzi and Buratti 2009). Biomethane is produced by methanogenic bacteria from acetic acid, hydrogen and carbon dioxide and from other substrates of which formic acid and methanol are the most important during the third step (methanogenic stage) (Chynoweth et al 2001;Weiland 2010;Demirel and Scherer 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of heavy metals as stress factors on anaerobic digestion processes and biogas production from biomass

Mudhoo

Kumar

2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

227

100

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Heavy metals affect the biochemical reactions that take place during anaerobic digestion processes of organic matter. In this review, the different effects observed in anaerobic digestion processes and during the production of biomethane and biohydrogen from several substrates contaminated with and/or inheriting heavy metals from the substrates themselves were discussed. It has been found that heavy metals exert important roles in biochemical reactions. Heavy metals like copper, nickel, zinc, cadmium, chromium and lead have been overwhelmingly reported to be inhibitory and under certain conditions toxic in biochemical reactions depending on their concentrations. Heavy metals like iron may also exhibit stimulatory effects, but these effects have been scantily observed. This review also concludes that the severity of heavy metal inhibition depends upon factors like metal concentration in a soluble, ionic form in the solution, type of metal species, and amount and distribution of biomass in the digester or chain of biochemical reactions which constitute the anaerobic digestion process. A majority of studies have demonstrated that the toxic effect of heavy metals like chromium, cadmium and nickel is attributable to a disruption of enzyme function and structure by binding of the metal ions with thiol and other groups on protein molecules or by replacing naturally occurring metals in enzyme prosthetic groups. This review has not found published data on the effects of heavy metals on the hydrolysis stage of anaerobic digestion process chemistry, and hence further studies are required to depict any changes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of heavy metals as stress factors on anaerobic digestion processes and biogas production from biomass

Mudhoo

Kumar

2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

227

100

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“…Biogas is a product of anaerobic digestion processes, which is produced by a consortium of microorganisms. The anaerobic digestion process is highly dependent on a variety of different factors such as pH, temperature, HRT, carbon to nitrogen ratio, etc., [2][3][4]. However, the anaerobic degradation process is a quite slow and sensitive process, which is highly affected by environmental stress and alterations in operating conditions [5], that would lead to a disturbance of the balance in the microbial community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Effluent Recirculation in a Semi-Continuous Two-Stage Anaerobic Digestion System

et al. 2013

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Abstract:The effect of recirculation in increasing organic loading rate (OLR) and decreasing hydraulic retention time (HRT) in a semi-continuous two-stage anaerobic digestion system using stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and an upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) was evaluated. Two-parallel processes were in operation for 100 days, one with recirculation (closed system) and the other without recirculation (open system). For this purpose, two structurally different carbohydrate-based substrates were used; starch and cotton. The digestion of starch and cotton in the closed system resulted in production of 91% and 80% of the theoretical methane yield during the first 60 days. In contrast, in the open system the methane yield was decreased to 82% and 56% of the theoretical value, for starch and cotton, respectively. The OLR could successfully be increased to 4 gVS/L/day for cotton and 10 gVS/L/day for starch. It is concluded that the recirculation supports the microorganisms for effective hydrolysis of polyhydrocarbons in CSTR and to preserve the nutrients in the system at higher OLRs, thereby improving the overall performance and stability of the process.

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“…Some common properties of raw biogas are given in Table 1. Methane produced by anaerobic digestion has cost and efficiencies comparable to those of other biomass energy forms such as synthesised gases and ethanol [29]. Anaerobic digesters exist in various designs such as fixed dome type and floating drum type [21].…”

Section: Biogas Production and Purificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the purification and use of biogas in compression ignition engines

Feroskhan¹,

Ismail²

2017

Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng.

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Biogas is commonly produced during the decay of organic matter. It is a mixture of methane and some non-combustible gases such as CO2 and H2S. Its viability as a renewable alternative fuel for internal combustion engines can be enhanced by methane enrichment, i.e. removal of the non-combustible constituents. One of the common techniques for using biogas in a compression ignition (CI) engine is to mix it with air in the intake manifold, induct, and compress this mixture and ignite it by injecting a small quantity of diesel or bio-diesel, which is termed as the pilot fuel. This is known as the dual fuel mode. The pilot fuel is injected close to the end of the compression stroke as in a conventional CI engine and the injected fuel quantity depends on the operating condition. An alternative approach is the Homogeneous Charged Compression Ignition (HCCI) mode. Here, a homogeneous mixture of biogas and air is inducted and compressed by the piston until it auto-ignites. While this concept combines the benefits of spark ignition (SI) and CI engines, the onset of combustion cannot be controlled directly. A detailed review of recent research pertaining to biogas purification techniques and operation of CI engines with biogas in dual fuel and HCCI modes is presented in this paper. The effects of various operating parameters on engine performance and emissions, and comparison with conventional diesel fuelled CI engines are discussed. Biogas improves combustion efficiency, NOx, and smoke emissions. However, it reduces brake thermal efficiency, volumetric efficiency, and increases HC and CO emissions. Biogas fuelling of CI engines is recommended for achieving high diesel substitution, especially under high torque operation.

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Renewable methane from anaerobic digestion of biomass

Cited by 469 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of heavy metals as stress factors on anaerobic digestion processes and biogas production from biomass

Effects of heavy metals as stress factors on anaerobic digestion processes and biogas production from biomass

The Effect of Effluent Recirculation in a Semi-Continuous Two-Stage Anaerobic Digestion System

A review on the purification and use of biogas in compression ignition engines

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