Renewable energy update: Malaysia

Characteristics of Particulate Emission from a Biomass Fired Boiler

“…Palm solid wastes (including palm fiber, shell and empty fruit bunches) are abandoned materials produced during palm oil milling process. For each bunch of the fresh palm fruit, approximately 21% of palm oil, 6 -7% of palm kernels, 14 -15% of palm fibers, 6 -7% of palm shells and 23% of empty fruit bunches are obtained which can meet the energy demand, if properly managed (Dalimin, 1995).…”

Development of thermally efficient fibre-based eco-friendly brick reusing locally available waste materials

“…Each oil palm fruit bunch produces 21% palm oil, 6-7% palm kernel, 14-15% fibres, 6-7% shell and 23% empty fruit bunch on an average [19]. It is estimated that, a single kilogramme of palm oil results in 4 kg of dry biomass [20].…”

Value-added utilization of oil palm ash: A superior recycling of the industrial agricultural waste

“…Amidst these challenges, the enforcement and administration of strategic, corrective and transparent policies, mandates and standards ministering various contaminants from agricultural waste streams ought to be properly legislated and well-planned, inevitably affect the waste disposal practice of the oil palm ash industry [3,23]. In Malaysia, the enactment of the Environmental Quality Act of 1974 and the subsequent formation of the Department of Environment in 1976 was amended in 1985 to include the submission of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) reports on Table 5 Sodium and potassium content in the oil palm ash [60].…”

“…obtained [3]. This has inspired a growing interest in the utilization of oil palm waste as a renewable source of energy or feedstock for a large variety of downstream products.…”