Renewable Energy Technology and Implementation Mechanisms for Ethiopia

Mulugetta, Yacob

doi:10.1080/15567240600629104

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…If demand exceeds supply by a large margin, a fuel crisis is likely to occur, necessitating renewable alternative energy [1]. In Ethiopia, the most common cooking fuels are wood and charcoal, which most rural populations use [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and Characterization of Coffee Husk Fuel Briquettes as an Alternative Energy Source

Tesfaye¹,

Workie

Kumar³

2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Biomass energy accounts for more than 92 percent of overall energy consumption in Ethiopia. As a result, Ethiopia is one of the world’s most biomass-dependent countries. The high reliance on wood fuels and agricultural residues for fuel harms society’s social, economic, and environmental well-being. This study aims to create and test the quality of fuel briquettes made from the coffee husk. Also built and produced are a carboniser/charcoal kiln, a manually operated molder system, and a briquette stove for burning the manufactured briquette. The carboniser converts 15 kg of raw coffee husk into 6 kg of carbonised char in 25 minutes, and the manually operated briquette molder can press 30 kg per hour. The efficiency of converting raw coffee husk into carbonised char content was 40.12%. In the geological survey of Ethiopia, the geochemical laboratory directorate received triplicate samples of the fuel briquette charcoal for analysis. Moisture content, fixed carbon content, ash content, sulfur content, and calorific value were determined using a bomb calorimeter and a ceramic lining furnace. Physical properties of fuel briquettes ranged from 10.03% moisture content, 970 kg/m3 density, 81% fixed carbon, 5.15% ash content, 0% sulfur, and 30.54 Kcal/kg higher heating value, according to laboratory results. The results of the study revealed that the coffee husk fuel briquettes produced have more positive characteristics. Fuel briquettes were cost-effective and environmentally friendly and reduced deforestation compared to firewood. This study clearly shows that briquettes made from coffee husk could be used as an alternative energy source when this kind of waste is well managed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and Characterization of Coffee Husk Fuel Briquettes as an Alternative Energy Source

Tesfaye¹,

Workie

Kumar³

2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…According to a cautious first estimate [28][29][30], solar energy's commercial potential is estimated to be 100 MW for water heating and 100 MW for solar electricity. Domestic and commercial water heating in major cities and solar electricity for telecom stations, lighting, and water delivery in rural areas are all examples of solar energy usage in Ethiopia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Around 13,500 individuals are intended to be reached by solar thermal systems (cookers, heaters, and dryers). The market for off-grid and alternative systems will be strengthened by public education, coordination for higher efficiency, and increased access to financing for both providers and users, all of which will increase access to these systems [8,29,30,35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Solar Tunnel Dryer for Ginger Drying

Tesfaye

Habtu

2022

International Journal of Photoenergy

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A series of tests were conducted to investigate the performance of a solar tunnel dryer for drying ginger. To supply hot air to the dryer, two axial flow fans with a power rating of 28 W, a supply voltage of 220 V, and a 50 W photovoltaics (PV) module were employed. By dividing the 8.5-meter-long solar tunnel dryer into four equal portions every thirty minutes, solar radiation, dry air temperature, ambient temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity were measured at five solar tunnel dryer stations. The hot air temperature at the collector output grew from 34°C to 65.5°C for an 8-hour operation in the no-load condition when the solar radiation was changed between 540 and 820 W/m2. At 9:00 a.m., the average maximum temperature was 30°C. During the loading operation, the temperature was 77°C at 1:00 p.m. The moisture content of sliced ginger was reduced from 90.4 to 11.8% on a wet basis using the solar tunnel dryer. With a solar collector area of 6 m2, open sun drying takes 40 hours to achieve the same wet basis condition. A total of eight experiments were carried out, both with and without loads. The dry air temperature at the collector outlet ranged from 34.0 to 65.5 °C. As the drying efficiency, collector area, and time savings improve, the drying time decreases. The ginger is kept in a controlled area, resulting in high-quality dried ginger. The solar tunnel dryer showed a net saving in drying time of 40% over open sun drying.

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“…Other energy schemes, such as solar thermal systems (cookers and heaters), aim to reach 13,500 people. (a) coordination for higher efficacy, (b) strengthening the market for offgrid and alternative systems through public education, and (c) boosting access to finance for providers and consumers, all to increase access to these systems [6,[10][11][12][13][14]. In the mid-1980s, Ethiopia was the first country to install photovoltaic systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the government plans to provide near universal access to the mobile network by 2015, application in this industry is projected to grow substantially. It should be emphasized that PV-powered mobile stations and PV-powered wireless phone stations are responsible for the significant increase in rural connectivity [12,15]. Ginger (Zinziber officinale) is a major agricultural commodity in Ethiopia, where it is utilized both fresh and dried in small quantities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Solar Tunnel Dryer for Ginger Drying

Hailu¹

2021

Preprint

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Background The performance of a solar tunnel dryer for drying ginger was investigated through a series of experiments. Two axial flow fans with a power rating of 28W, supply voltage of 220V, and powered by a 50W PV module were used to supply hot air to the drying chamber. Results and discussion The dryer has been put through no-load and load tests with solar PV powered fans. Solar radiation, dry air temperature, ambient temperature, relative humidity (RH), and air velocity were recorded at five solar tunnel dryer positions by dividing the 8.5-meter-long solar tunnel dryer into four equal parts every thirty minutes. When the solar radiation was altered between 540 and 820 W/m2, the hot air temperature at the collector output rose from 34°C to 65.5°C for an 8-hour operation in the no-load state. At loading operation circumstances, average maximum temperatures of 30°C at 9:00 AM and 77°C at 13:00 PM were achieved. In 24 hours (3 solar days), the solar tunnel drier was able to reduce the moisture content of sliced ginger from 90.4 % to 11.8 percent (wet basis). Open sun drying, on the other hand, takes 40 hours (5 solar days) to obtain the same wet basis condition. With a solar collector area of 6 m2. Conclusions Eight experiments have been conducted at no-load and full-load conditions. The drying air temperature varied from 34.0°C to 65.5°C at the collector outlet. The drying time decreases as the collector area increases, whereas the drying efficiency and time savings increase. Furthermore, the gingers were totally sheltered from rain, insects, and dust while drying in the solar tunnel dryer, resulting in high-quality dried gingers. The dryer could be utilized in rural locations where there is no access to energy because the fans are driven by a solar module. The solar tunnel dryer showed a net saving in drying time of 40% over open sun drying.

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Renewable Energy Technology and Implementation Mechanisms for Ethiopia

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Production and Characterization of Coffee Husk Fuel Briquettes as an Alternative Energy Source

Production and Characterization of Coffee Husk Fuel Briquettes as an Alternative Energy Source

Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Solar Tunnel Dryer for Ginger Drying

Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Solar Tunnel Dryer for Ginger Drying

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