Renewable energy integration in sustainable water systems: A review

Zakariazadeh, Alireza; Ahshan, Razzaqul; Al Abri, Rashid; Al-Abri, Mohammed

doi:10.1016/j.clet.2024.100722

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 139 publications

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“…The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reported that by 2025, 1800 million people are predicted to live with absolute water scarcity and two-thirds of the world population could be under water stress [4]. The increasing population will contribute to escalating the scarcity of water, energy, and food [5]; hence, the global population continues to rise, and there is a rapid increase in water and energy demand to fulfill the increasing demand for food [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water–Energy–Milk Nexus: Empirical Evidence from Saudi Arabia

Elzaki,

Al-Mahish,

Alzahrani

2024

Water

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Dairy farming plays a crucial role in Saudi Arabia’s agricultural industry. However, the intensive milk production process exerts pressure on local water and energy resources. This study aims to examine the impact of water stress and renewable energy consumption shocks on milk production in Saudi Arabia by using data from 2000 to 2021. The empirical analysis used the VAR model, Granger causality, forecast error variance decompositions (FEVDs), and impulse response functions (IRFs). The presence of a negative significant interdependence between total milk production and water stress levels in agriculture was observed. Significant bidirectional causality relationships among the variables were noted. The FEVD results show that water stress levels in agriculture are becoming a more dominant driver of variations in total milk production in Saudi Arabia, while the empirical evidence of the IRFs implies that milk production increases when both water stress levels and renewable energy are present. The adoption of water recycling and reuse systems on dairy farms can help farmers to improve water use efficiency. The encouragement of decision makers to formulate policies to support sustainable water resource management, reduce environmental impact, accelerate technological advancements, and initiate positive socioeconomic outcomes for the dairy industry is highly recommended.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%