Renewable Energy, Agriculture and CO2 Emissions: Empirical Evidence From the Middle-Income Countries

Majewski, Sebastian; Mentel, Grzegorz; Dylewski, Marek; Salahodjaev, Raufhon

doi:10.3389/fenrg.2022.921166

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…It is worth noting here that one element of the European Union's energy policy is to increase the share of renewable energy in total energy consumption. This is linked to, among other things, lower CO 2 emissions [89]. These authors point out that the promotion of renewable energy should be supported by appropriate policy tools, e.g., subsidies or low-interest loans.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Structure of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries

Matuszewska-Janica,

Żebrowska-Suchodolska,

Zalewska

et al. 2023

Energies

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Private households are an important group of energy consumers. Based on Eurostat data, their energy consumption constituted 30% of the final consumption of energy use across the European Union in 2021. The cost of energy is one of the main components of household budgets; thus, the prices provided by energy carriers have a significant impact on energy consumption. The price offered to the final consumer consists of three components: the price of energy and its supply, network costs, and taxes and levies. The values of the three components, however, depend on several factors, among which the structure of the energy markets and energy policies in individual EU countries play a key role. This work aimed to analyze and assess the structure of electricity prices offered to households across EU countries in the years 2019–2021. The differences and similarities between the pricing policies of selected products in the EU and their impacts on households’ purchasing capacity were captured and a non-pattern classification method (k-means) was applied as a research tool. The results indicated that the heterogeneity of the electricity price structure increased significantly over the period analyzed. This may be a consequence of the use of strongly differentiated tools to mitigate electricity price increases and the steps being taken towards low-carbon economies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Structure of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries

Matuszewska-Janica,

Żebrowska-Suchodolska,

Zalewska

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…The two-step system GMM is more robust than the one-step system GMM, and it is more efficient and robust to heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation (Roodman, 2009). In addition, the two-step GMM estimator is particularly useful when the number of countries in the study is greater than the time period, a high correlation exists between CO2 emissions and its lagged value, and there is a need to overcome the issues of endogeneity and simultaneity problems present in the model (Majewski et al, 2022). The model used in this study is presented as follows:…”

Section: 2econometric Estimation Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Trade Openness and Energy Consumption on Achieving Carbon Neutrality Targets in Developing Countries

Sakilu,

Chen

2023

Preprint

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It is imperative to assure sustainable development and achieve the carbon neutrality goal to solve the pressing issue of climate change and environmental damage. Therefore, this study examines the impact of export, import, renewable, and nonrenewable energy consumption, economic growth, and population on CO2 emissions for 32 developing countries from 1990 to 2020, with a focus on achieving the carbon neutrality goal of 2050. The study used the fixed effect regression model, the two-step generalized method of moments (GMM), and the quantile regression model to investigate the impact of these variables on CO2 emissions. The empirical result indicates that exports, renewable energy consumption, and the square of economic growth significantly mitigate CO2 emissions, whereas imports, nonrenewable energy consumption, population, and economic growth positively and significantly increase CO2 emissions in developing countries. Besides, the study supports the existence of an inverted U-shaped EKC in developing countries. The Dumitrescu and Hurlin (DH) panel causality test results indicate bidirectional causality running from export, import, renewable energy consumption, nonrenewable energy consumption, economic growth, population, and the square of economic growth to CO2 emissions, respectively. Based on the empirical findings, the study proposed policy recommendations.

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“…With detailed data, new policies can be implemented at the local level to increase the immediate impact on the local community [17]. Moreover, existing policies can be tested and improved [18], as direct agricultural subsidies can encourage agricultural-related carbon emissions [19], but subsidies directly aimed at reducing emissions can be beneficial to reducing emissions in the agricultural sector [20]. New procedures, such as new standards or better measuring devices, reduce overall emission inventory uncertainty and improve its accuracy [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Spatial Tier 2 Emission Inventory for Agricultural Tractors by Combining Two Large-Scale Datasets

Lončarević,

Ilinčić,

Šagi

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Agricultural tractor emissions have a notable influence on total emissions and climate change. This is especially important when developing an agricultural machinery emission inventory since tractors are the most widely used agricultural machinery. However, as with other agricultural machinery, there is a significant lack of data concerning tractors. This study combined two large-scale datasets to develop a Tier 2 tractor emission inventory for the Republic of Croatia. The first dataset, which was collected via a large-scale survey with 8895 respondents, includes data on fuel consumption by machine and engine type. The second dataset, which is official data of the Ministry of the Interior, includes data on machinery age. Since there is no direct link between datasets, data on fuel consumption were calculated for each of 21 Croatian counties and were then linked to the corresponding municipalities’ tractor age and power rating of the vehicle fleet. The result was used to calculate tractor emissions by with a Tier 2 approach using the method listed in the 2019 EMEP/EEA emissions guidebook. The calculations were made for five exhaust emission components: carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), nitrogen oxide (NOX) and particulate matter (PM). The continental counties had the highest emissions for all emission types, especially the Osječko-baranjska and Vukovarsko-srijemska counties. The Tier 2 emission inventory was compared to data calculated using the Tier 1 method on a county level. There were notable differences between the inventories for HC and PM emissions, which is mainly due to Tier 2 approach having different emission factors depending on vehicle age. The end result was compared to the already existing Tier 1 emission inventory on a county level.

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Renewable Energy, Agriculture and CO2 Emissions: Empirical Evidence From the Middle-Income Countries

Cited by 11 publications

References 85 publications

Differences in the Structure of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries

Differences in the Structure of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries

Impact of Trade Openness and Energy Consumption on Achieving Carbon Neutrality Targets in Developing Countries

Development of a Spatial Tier 2 Emission Inventory for Agricultural Tractors by Combining Two Large-Scale Datasets

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