Rendering practices and inactivation of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy agents

Dm, Taylor; Sl, Woodgate

doi:10.20506/rst.22.1.1400

Cited by 50 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…1987) and the ban on meat and bone meal in animal feed, carcasses were wet rendered with only minimal heating (95 °C). [49][50][51] Consequently one could conclude that high levels of LPS must have been present in meat and bone meal (MBM) in the 1980s and 1990s. However, despite these relatively high levels of LPS in everyday occurrence, we do not see high levels of sporadic prion disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipopolysaccharide induced conversion of recombinant prion protein

Saleem

Bjorndahl

Ladner

et al. 2014

Prion

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipopolysaccharide induced conversion of recombinant prion protein

Saleem

Bjorndahl

Ladner

et al. 2014

Prion

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“…3,4,9,14 Since techniques that destroy prions (i.e., alkaline hydrolysis, treatment with the phenolic disinfectant LpH) may not be available or practical for disposal of infected animals or tissues, 3,14,15 alternative, practical methods for decontamination of TSEcontaminated biomaterial are needed. Because the reduction of PK-resistant PrP can be correlated to infectivity loss, 1,8 we speculate that the time-and temperaturedependent reduction in PrP CWD immunoreactivity could reflect its destruction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Time and Temperature on PrP^CWD Immunoreactivity as Evidenced by Western Blot

et al. 2007

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Abstract. The protease-resistant infectious prion protein, PrP res , that causes transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, is remarkably resistant to conventional physical and chemical sterilization methods, including heat. It was hypothesized that thermal-dependent PrP res degradation has been underestimated, and the effect of prolonged incubation at 37uC, 55uC, and 80uC on PrP res detection was examined using brain homogenates from chronic wasting disease-affected elk and mule deer (PrP CWD ). Immunoblotting demonstrated progressive loss of PrP CWD immunoreactivity with time in all incubated samples as temperature increased, and PrP CWD was virtually undetectable after 90 days of incubation at 55uC and 80uC. These results indicate that decontamination methods and tissue disposal systems maintaining elevated temperatures for long periods of time could interfere with immunodetection, and the reliability of assays for PrP res detection could be compromised when applied to tissues exposed to heat with time. Although these results may suggest that such prolonged heat treatment could destroy prions, the observed loss of immunoreactivity does not necessarily correlate with a concurrent loss of infectivity. Bioassay is needed to determine if samples that have been incubated under these conditions retain infectivity.

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“…It is claimed in the report provided that tallow entering the processes already shows a good degree of safety in terms of BSE risk, showing up to 1000 fold reduction (Appel et al, 2001b;Taylor and Woodgate, 2003). Until now only Cat.…”

Section: Materials To Be Treatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the capacity of oleochemical processes to minimise possible risks linked to TSE in Category 1 animal by‐products

2011

EFS2

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The capacity of specific oleochemical processes including several steps (i.e. bleaching, fat splitting, hydrogenation, concentration, distillation and refinement) in order to minimise possible risks linked to TSE infectivity in tallow including Category 1 animal by-products (ABP) was assessed. Under the new ABP Regulation (Reg. EC No 1069/2009), the use of Category 1 tallow for oleochemical products may be also authorised, if the processes are proved to be capable of sufficiently inactivating any potential risks linked to TSEs. The processes considered in this opinion are based on different treatment steps in different combination, but with respect to infectivity reduction the major contribution derives from hydrolytic fat splitting and hydrogenation, so to obtain fatty acids and glycerol. It is concluded that if the parameters are fully met as declared by the applicant, certain processes can be considered effective in significantly reducing the TSE infectivity in the end products using Category 1 tallow. However, considering the uncertainties on the TSE infectivity reduction in oleochemical products derived from Cat. 1 material, these products cannot be reliably regarded to be free of infectivity and therefore could pose a risk if they entered the food and feed chain.

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Rendering practices and inactivation of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy agents

Cited by 50 publications

References 33 publications

Lipopolysaccharide induced conversion of recombinant prion protein

Lipopolysaccharide induced conversion of recombinant prion protein

Effect of Time and Temperature on PrP^CWD Immunoreactivity as Evidenced by Western Blot

Scientific Opinion on the capacity of oleochemical processes to minimise possible risks linked to TSE in Category 1 animal by‐products

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Rendering practices and inactivation of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy agents

Cited by 50 publications

References 33 publications

Lipopolysaccharide induced conversion of recombinant prion protein

Lipopolysaccharide induced conversion of recombinant prion protein

Effect of Time and Temperature on PrPCWD Immunoreactivity as Evidenced by Western Blot

Scientific Opinion on the capacity of oleochemical processes to minimise possible risks linked to TSE in Category 1 animal by‐products

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Effect of Time and Temperature on PrP^CWD Immunoreactivity as Evidenced by Western Blot