Renal Transplantation and Skin Diseases: Review of the Literature and Results of a 5-Year Follow-Up of 285 Patients

Barba, Annalisa; Tessari, Gianpaolo; Boschiero, Luigino; Chieregato, Giancarlo

doi:10.1159/000189029

Cited by 38 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…In the reports, which usually refer a wide spectrum of cutaneous manifestations, the frequency of dermatomycoses is extremely variable, ranging from 7 to 75%, probably because of diverse diagnostic criteria, different geographical, climatic, social, economic, hygienic conditions and variable duration of immunosuppression [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Superficial Dermatomycoses in 73 Renal Transplant Recipients

et al. 1999

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Background: Because of chronic immunosuppressive therapy, the skin of renal transplant recipients (RTR) is considered more liable to fungal infections. Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of superficial dermatomycoses in a chronically immunosuppressed group of RTR who live in northern Italy and to verify the eventual relationship between the onset of mycoses, the immunosuppressive regimen and the interval of time elapsed after the transplantation. Methods: 73 RTR were submitted to a complete dermatological examination for fungal infection. Skin scrapings were taken from the upper back, from the 4th toe web of all patients and from any suspicious lesion. Results: 31 patients (42.5%) were affected by dermatomycosis. Pityriasis versicolor (PV) was present in 20 RTR (27.4%), fungal infection of the 4th toe web in 10 patients (13.7%) and onychomycosis in 9 RTR (12.3%). Trichophyton mentagrophytes was the most common dermatophyte. The prevalence of dermatomycoses was higher in the group of patients treated with azathioprine-cyclosporine-steroids and in those who had received their renal transplant in the previous 1–5 years. Conclusions: PV was the most frequent dermatomycosis and showed a higher prevalence than in the normal population. The prevalence of fungal infection of the 4th toe web and onychomycosis was similar to that found in the immunocompetent population, but the length of interval after transplantation seemed to increase the probability of their occurrence and of mixed or simultaneous fungal infections in the same patient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among fungal infections, PV is reported as the most frequent clinical finding (18–48%), particularly in hot and damp climates [5, 8, 9]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Superficial Dermatomycoses in 73 Renal Transplant Recipients

et al. 1999

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“…In various studies from India, the prevalence of warts in renal transplant patients has been shown to vary from 8% to 55%. [ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curious case of photo-distributed verrucae in a renal transplant patient: Report of three cases

2016

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Viral warts are a common lesion found in patients who have undergone a renal transplant. The occurrence of verrucae also depends on the choice of immunosuppressant and posttransplant time interval. The presence of viral warts only on sun-exposed parts of the body is extremely uncommon and rarely reported. It might also influence the choice of treatment since these warts are often resistant to treatment.

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“…Incidence of fungal, viral, bacterial infections and non-melanoma skin cancer (Squamous cell carcinoma, Basal cell carcinoma), pre-cancerous lesions is quite high in the renal transplant recipients (RTRs) compared to the general population. [3][4][5] A good understanding of the possible risks associated with renal transplant and adverse effects of the drugs used and possible cutaneous manifestations post-transplant, helps us in proper counselling to the patients regarding the preventive measures, adherence to therapy and better understanding of the disease condition Most of the cutaneous manifestations observed in RTRs are a result of immunosuppression; some, however, are drug-specific adverse effects. 6…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Manifestations in Renal Transplant Recipients

Das

Sharma

Karn

2021

Nepal J Dermatol Venereol & Leprol

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Background: The availability of potent immunosuppressants has paved the path towards decreased incidence of graft rejection and long term survival of the renal transplant recipients. But, with the increased life span of the patients and long term use of immunosuppressants, there has been an increase in various skin conditions; ranging from various infections to some life-threatening cutaneous malignancies. Objectives: This study was carried out to determine the pattern of different cutaneous manifestations in renal transplant recipients at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, to identify the infectious and non-infectious skin manifestations in these patients and their relation with the duration of transplantation. Methodology: The present study was a hospital based cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu; Department of Internal Medicine, Transplant Outpatient department and Outpatient department of Department of Dermatology from June 2013 to May 2014. A total of 114 renal transplant recipients were enrolled in the study. Results: A total of 114 renal transplant recipients with a mean age of 37.56±11.10 years were studied. The immunosuppressive regimen consisted of combinations including tacrolimus, prednisolone, mycophenolate mofetil/azathioprine along with supportive medications like antivirals, antibiotics and antihypertensives. Out of all those studied, 60 patients had a total of 61 cutaneous manifestations. The mean duration from date of transplantation to presentation to the transplant OPD for infectious dermatoses was 688.4 days (1.88 years) and for iatrogenic dermatoses was 67.5 days. The most common cutaneous manifestation was acne (41%) followed by fungal infections (27.9%) consisting of pityriasis versicolor (n=9), dermatophytosis (n=6) and candidiasis (n=2); viral infections (18%) consisting of verruca (n=4), herpes zoster (n=4) and herpes simplex (n=3); bacterial infections (4.9%) consisting of folliculitis (n=2) and erythema chronicum migrans (n=1). Gingival hyperplasia was observed in a single patient. Other cutaneous manifestations like seborrheic dermatitis and xerosis were also observed in 2 patients each during the study. Conclusion: Renal transplant recipients are susceptible to acquire various cutaneous manifestations as a result of long term immunosuppression and also due to adverse effects of the drugs used. This knowledge helps the transplant physicians for regular dermatologic screening of these patients for early diagnosis and treatment of the skin lesions.

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Renal Transplantation and Skin Diseases: Review of the Literature and Results of a 5-Year Follow-Up of 285 Patients

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence of Superficial Dermatomycoses in 73 Renal Transplant Recipients

Prevalence of Superficial Dermatomycoses in 73 Renal Transplant Recipients

Curious case of photo-distributed verrucae in a renal transplant patient: Report of three cases

Cutaneous Manifestations in Renal Transplant Recipients

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