Renal trace elements in barren-ground caribou subpopulations: Temporal trends and differing effects of sex, age and season

Gamberg, Mary; Pratte, Isabeau; Brammer, Jeremy R.; Cuyler, Christine; Elkin, Brett; Gurney, Kirsty E. B.; Kutz, Susan; Larter, Nicholas C.; Muir, Derek C. G.; Wang, X.; Provencher, Jennifer F.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138305

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Statistically signi cant correlation was found only for cadmium in kidneys, and it was strong negative correlation (R is -0.9115, the P-value is 0.031444). This does not correspond with literature indicating that cadmium accumulates in kidneys with age and the correlation is positive[Hooser 2018;Gamberg et al 2020], while mercury renal concentrations are highly dependent on sex[Gamberg et al 2020]. Taking into account the confusion in data, geographical localization may be a better predictor of cadmium and mercury concentration in reindeer liver and kidneys, than age and sex of the animals.…”

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confidence: 56%

Geographical Distribution Of Dioxins, Cadmium And Mercury Concentrations In Reindeer Liver, Kidneys And Meat In The Russian Far North

Makarov

Ovcharenko

Nebera

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Reindeer herding is a vitally important agricultural sector in the Russian Far North. It is believed, that Nothern ecosystems are prone to accumulation of persistent pollutants for the reasons of trophical chains, features and climate. Reindeers graze on vast areas, having seasonal migrations on distances up to hundreds kilometers in one side in North-South direction, that increases likehood to cross a locally polluted area. Here we present results of a large-scale countrywide study of reindeer liver, kidneys and meat pollution by dioxins, cadmium and mercury. Samples were taken in 2015-2020 years from 41 locations in 8 reindeer-herding regions of Russia. Dioxins were determined in 383 samples of liver and 13 of meat, cadmium and mercury – in 505 samples of liver, 315 of kidneys and 22 of meat. Dioxin pollution has shown a clear geographical trend: liver concentrations gradually decrease from the Western to the Eastern parts on the country, with the highest concentration of 76.5 pg/g of fat WHO-TEQ. The following factors are likely to explain the discovered trend: localization of chemical enterprises and density of reindeer population. The highest concentrations of metals were found in kidneys (7.3 mg/kg of cadmium and 1.1 mg/kg of mercury). The contribution of local sources to cadmium and mercury pollution was found to be less, than expected. We also speculate, that reindeer liver may serve as a good additional indicator of environmental pollution by the investigated contaminants.

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confidence: 56%

Geographical Distribution Of Dioxins, Cadmium And Mercury Concentrations In Reindeer Liver, Kidneys And Meat In The Russian Far North

Makarov

Ovcharenko

Nebera

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…(domestic reindeer and caribou; [ 27 ]) (see Fig 3A and 3B ). Differences among free-ranging herds may be attributed to differing exposures or physiologic tolerances based on ecotype, forage preference, local geology and soil mineral levels, sex, age, season, and habitat selection [ 28 , 29 ]. Differences from the ‘normal’ ranges provided by [ 27 ] may be explained in part by the fact that captive animals have a supplemented and much more consistent diet compared to the wild Rangifer .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mature bulls generally moult the earliest and have fully developed new coats by late summer/onset of rut [ 31 , 32 ]. Our samples were, therefore, ideally representative of mineral deposition in hair between the late spring and time of sampling (fall), and uniquely positioned our study to better control for variability introduced by confounding factors like season, diet, life stage, and sex [ 14 , 28 , 34 ]. Findings in moose support this hypothesis, describing hair mineral concentrations as most accurately representative of dietary mineral intake in the late summer and fall [ 1 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the use of hair as a non-invasive indicator of trace mineral status in woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou)

et al. 2022

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Trace mineral imbalances can have significant effects on animal health, reproductive success, and survival. Monitoring their status in wildlife populations is, therefore, important for management and conservation. Typically, livers and kidneys are sampled to measure mineral status, but biopsies and lethal-sampling are not always possible, particularly for Species at Risk. We aimed to: 1) determine baseline mineral levels in Northern Mountain caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou; Gmelin, 1788) in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, and 2) determine if hair can be used as an effective indicator of caribou mineral status by evaluating associations between hair and organ mineral concentrations. Hair, liver, and kidney samples from adult male caribou (nHair = 31; nLiver, nKidney = 43) were collected by guide-outfitters in 2016–2018 hunting seasons. Trace minerals and heavy metals were quantified using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and organ and hair concentrations of same individuals were compared. Some organ mineral concentrations differed from other caribou populations, though no clinical deficiency or toxicity symptoms were reported in our population. Significant correlations were found between liver and hair selenium (rho = 0.66, p<0.05), kidney and hair cobalt (rho = 0.51, p<0.05), and liver and hair molybdenum (rho = 0.37, p<0.10). These findings suggest that hair trace mineral assessment may be used as a non-invasive and easily-accessible way to monitor caribou selenium, cobalt, and molybdenum status, and may be a valuable tool to help assess overall caribou health.

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“…kidney from wildlife are rare, but those that monitor toxic minerals and pollutants for human or wildlife health could provide evidence of temporal and spatial patterns of trace mineral deficiency in relation to population density [50]. There are minimal data on trace mineral requirements for hispid cotton rats and whitetailed deer for tissue concentrations as indicators of trace mineral deficiencies.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Trace mineral supplies for populations of little and large herbivores

et al. 2021

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Copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) are essential trace minerals for the reproduction, growth, and immunity of mammalian herbivore populations. We examined the relationships between Cu, Fe, and Zn in soils, common plants, and hepatic stores of two wild herbivores to assess the effects of weather, sex, and population density on the transfer of trace minerals from soils to mammals during the growing season. Soils, grasses, woody browse, hispid cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus), and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were sampled across 19 sites. Concentrations of Cu, Fe, and Zn in grasses and browse species were not correlated with concentrations of those minerals in soils sampled from the same areas. Leaves of woody browse were higher in Cu, lower in Fe, and similar in Zn when compared with grasses. Available concentrations of soils were positively related to liver Cu and Zn in hispid cotton rats, which was consistent with the short lives and high productivity of these small mammals that rely on grass seed heads. Interactions between soil concentrations and weather also affected liver Cu and Fe in deer, which reflected the greater complexity of trophic transfers in large, long-lived, browsing herbivores. Population density was correlated with liver concentrations of Cu, Fe, and Zn in hispid cotton rats, and concentrations of Cu and Fe in deer. Liver Cu was < 5 mg/kg wet weight in at least 5% of animals at two of eight sites for hispid cotton rats and < 3.8 mg/kg wet weight in at least 5% of animals at three of 12 sites for deer, which could indicate regional limitation of Cu for populations of mammalian herbivores. Our data indicate that supplies of trace minerals may contribute to density dependence of herbivore populations. Local population density may therefore influence the prevalence of deficiency states and disease outbreak that exacerbate population cycles in wild mammals.

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Renal trace elements in barren-ground caribou subpopulations: Temporal trends and differing effects of sex, age and season

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Geographical Distribution Of Dioxins, Cadmium And Mercury Concentrations In Reindeer Liver, Kidneys And Meat In The Russian Far North

Geographical Distribution Of Dioxins, Cadmium And Mercury Concentrations In Reindeer Liver, Kidneys And Meat In The Russian Far North

Evaluating the use of hair as a non-invasive indicator of trace mineral status in woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou)

Trace mineral supplies for populations of little and large herbivores

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