Renal replacement therapy in the neonatal intensive care unit

Mok, Tze Yee Diane; Tseng, Min‐Jen; Chiang, Ming-Chou; Lin, Ju‐Li; Chu, Shih Ming; Hsu, Jen‐Fu; Lien, Reyin

doi:10.1016/j.pedneo.2017.11.015

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The results of this study showed that the effect and prognosis of CRRT were similar among children of 3.0–10.0 kg or in elder children. It can be seen that CRRT may significantly improve the clinical outcome and prognosis of AKI in low birth weight infants [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical effect and safety of continuous renal replacement therapy in the treatment of neonatal sepsis-related acute kidney injury

et al. 2020

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Background: Sepsis is the leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The aim of the study is to explore the efficacy and security of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the treatment of neonatal sepsis-related AKI. Method: Totally12 sepsis-related AKI neonates treated with CRRT were hospitalized in the NICU of Shanghai Children's Hospital between November 2012 and November 2019, and the clinical data of these 12 cases were retrospectively analyzed. Renal function, acid-base balance, electrolytes, blood pressure and hemodynamics indexes were recorded before CRRT initiation, 12/24/48 h after CRRT initiation and at the end of CRRT respectively. The efficacy of CRRT was evaluated and the clinical outcome was observed in these 12 sepsis-related AKI neonates. Repeated measurement analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis of the data. Result: (1) Continuous veno-venous hemodialysis filtration (CVVHDF) was used in 12 cases of sepsis-related AKI neonates. There were 6 cases with oliguria, 3 cases with fluid overload (FO), 3 cases with septic shock. The duration of CRRT was 49~110 h, average (76.2 ± 23.5) h. (2) The blood pressure (BP) of 12 sepsis-related AKI neonates could reach the normal level (40-60 mmHg) 12 h after CRRT initiation, and the normal BP level could be maintained during the CRRT treatment. After 12 h CRRT, the blood pH value increased to the normal range (7.35~7.45). After 12 h CRRT treatment, the oxygenation index of 12sepsis-related AKI neonates could reach 200 mmHg. After 24 h CRRT treatment, it could rise to more than 300 mmHg. Serum potassium, serum urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels decreased significantly 12 h after CRRT initiation, and reached the normal range 24 h after CRRT initiation. The urine volume significantly increased 24 h after CRRT initiation. (3) Venous catheterization was performed successfully in all sepsis-related AKI neonates. We observed 2 cases of thrombocytopenia, 1 case of obstruction and 1 case of hypotension in the course of CRRT. There were no complications such as hypothermia, hemorrhage, thrombosis and infection.11 neonates were cured and discharged. One neonate was treated with CRRT and passed through the oliguria stage of AKI, but died after the parents gave up the treatment. Conclusions: It is safe and effective to treat neonatal sepsis-related AKI with CRRT, which should be an effective measure for the treatment of sepsis-related AKI neonates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical effect and safety of continuous renal replacement therapy in the treatment of neonatal sepsis-related acute kidney injury

et al. 2020

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“…These include vascular access, bleeding complications, and lack of neonate-specific devices. An adequately-sized central venous access is needed to accommodate adequate blood flow rates and a CRRT machine meant for neonates should be adapted [ 25 , 26 ]. A few studies have reported the use of CRRT in the NICU [ 25 – 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An adequately-sized central venous access is needed to accommodate adequate blood flow rates and a CRRT machine meant for neonates should be adapted [ 25 , 26 ]. A few studies have reported the use of CRRT in the NICU [ 25 – 27 ]. Although CRRT practices can be modified to fit the needs of neonates including preterms, there is a need for a device designed specifically for this population [ 25 – 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges of acute peritoneal dialysis in extremely-low-birth-weight infants: a retrospective cohort study

et al. 2020

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Background Peritoneal dialysis (PD) has been used occasionally in extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants with acute kidney injury (AKI). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of ELBW infants with AKI treated with PD. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, the medical records of ELBW infants with AKI, who underwent PD from January 2008 to February 2018, were reviewed. A PD catheter (7.5–9.0 Fr) or central venous catheter (4 Fr) was used for the peritoneal access. Treatment with PD solutions (2.5 or 4.25%) was started at 10 mL/kg, which was increased to 20–30 mL/kg for 60–120 min/cycle continuing for 24 h. Results Twelve ELBW infants (seven male and five female infants) were treated, and their mean (±SD) gestational age and birth weight were 27.2 (±3.3) weeks and 706.5 (±220.5) g, respectively. Two patients had severe perinatal asphyxia (5-min Apgar score ≤ 3). The most important indication for starting PD was AKI due to sepsis. The average (±SD) duration of PD was 9.4 (± 7.7) days. The potassium levels in the ELBW infants with hyperkalemia decreased from 6.8 to 5.0 mg/mL after 9.3 (± 4.4) days. The most common complication of PD was mechanical dysfunction of the catheters, such as dialysate leakage (75%). Two patients were successful weaned off PD. The mortality rate of the infants treated with PD was 91.7%. Conclusions In this series, the mortality rate of ELBW infants with AKI treated with PD was relatively high because of their incompletely developed organ systems. Therefore, the use of PD should be carefully considered for the treatment of ELBW infants with AKI in terms of decisions regarding resuscitation.

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“…Increased ammonia levels causing neurological symptoms can be detected in various inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). CRRT has been reported as an effective way of ammonia removal and reversal of neurological symptoms [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy with High Flow Rate Can Effectively, Safely, and Quickly Reduce Plasma Ammonia and Leucine Levels in Children

et al. 2019

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Introduction: Peritoneal dialysis and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) are the most frequently used treatment modalities for acute kidney injury. CRRT is currently being used for the treatment of several non-renal indications, such as congenital metabolic diseases. CRRT can efficiently remove toxic metabolites and reverse the neurological symptoms quickly. However, there is not enough data for CRRT in children with metabolic diseases. Therefore, we aimed a retrospective study to describe the use of CRRT in metabolic diseases and its associated efficacy, complications, and outcomes. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the records of all patients admitted in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for CRRT treatment. Results: Between December 2014 and November 2018, 97 patients were eligible for the present study. The age distribution was between 2 days and 17 years, with a mean of 3.77 ± 4.71 years. There were 13 (36.1%) newborn with metabolic diseases. The patients were divided into two groups: CRRT for metabolic diseases and others. There was a significant relationship between the groups, including age (p ≤ 0.001), weight (p = 0.028), blood flow rate (p ≤ 0.001); dialysate rate (p ≤ 0.001), and replacement rate (p ≤ 0.001). The leucine reduction rate was 3.88 ± 3.65 (% per hour). The ammonia reduction rate was 4.94 ± 5.05 in the urea cycle disorder group and 5.02 ± 4.54 in the organic acidemia group. The overall survival rate was 88.9% in metabolic diseases with CRRT. Conclusion: In particularly hemodynamically unstable patients, CRRT can effectively and quickly reduce plasma ammonia and leucine.

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Renal replacement therapy in the neonatal intensive care unit

Abstract: Our study findings reveal RRT to be feasible, even in preterm neonates with low birth weight. CRRT had a higher efficacy level, particularly in neonates with IEM, and the complications encountered were transient and correctable.

Cited by 28 publications

References 27 publications

Clinical effect and safety of continuous renal replacement therapy in the treatment of neonatal sepsis-related acute kidney injury

Clinical effect and safety of continuous renal replacement therapy in the treatment of neonatal sepsis-related acute kidney injury

Challenges of acute peritoneal dialysis in extremely-low-birth-weight infants: a retrospective cohort study

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy with High Flow Rate Can Effectively, Safely, and Quickly Reduce Plasma Ammonia and Leucine Levels in Children

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