Renal nerve and blood pressure responses to stimulation of cardiac receptors in dogs and cats by bradykinin

Abstract

It has been recently demonstrated in anesthetized, sinoaortic denervated-vagotomized (SAD + Vx ) cats that epicardial or intracoronary (IC) bradykinin (BK) evokes an increase in efferent renal nerve activity (RNA) and a pressor response which is mediated by the cardiac sympathetic afferent nerves. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of epicardial, IC, and left atrial (LA) administration of BK on arterial blood pressure (ABP) and RNA in intact and SAD + Vx cats and dogs. A total of seven cats and eight dogs anesthetized with chloralose were prepared with a left circumflex coronary arterial catheter (dogs) or a LA catheter (cats). Changes in ABP and RNA were determined in both dogs and cats when 1 to 100 micrograms/ml of BK was applied to the anterior surface of the left ventricle or injected IC or LA (0.3 and 3.0 micrograms/kg BK) in the intact and SAD + Vx state. In both the intact and SAD + Vx cat, a pressor response was consistently elicited with epicardial BK. In the SAD + Vx state, epicardial BK increased ABP by 33.4 +/- 4.7 mm Hg (p less than .001). RNA followed this same trend showing a consistent and significant increase with both LA and epicardial BK (+24.8 +/- 8.4% in the SAD + Vx state; P less than .05). Changes in RNA in dogs were highly variable with epicardial and IC BK in intact and in SAD Vx dogs, resulting in insignificant changes in this parameter. The results of this study demonstrate that the reflex effects of stimulation of cardiac sympathetic afferents by BK are species specific and need not evoke an increase in peripheral sympathetic outflow.

Afferent fibers involved in the bradykinin-induced cardiovascular reflexes from the ovary in rats

“…This result is in accord with other reports that showed that bilateral vagotomy does not affect cardiovascular responses induced by bradykinin application to the heart (Gorman et al, 1983;Gorman and Zucker, 1984;Niitani et al, 1988;Veelken et al, 1996) or abdominal visceral organ such as the gallbladder (Longhurst and Ordway, 1983). In contrast bradykinin applied to the heart is known to stimulate cardiac vagal afferents (Kaufman et al, 1980;Hisata et al, 2006).…”

“…Potassium ions always increase heart rate and blood pressure, while bradykinin induces increase and decrease in both heart rate and blood pressure. Gorman et al (1983Gorman et al ( , 1984 showed that changes in heart rate and blood pressure upon epicardial bradykinin stimulation are dependent on the species of animal, with an excitatory response in cats, an insignificant response in dogs, and an inhibitory response in monkeys. Ness and Gebhart (1988) reported that cardiovascular responses to noxious colorectal stimulation are affected by the type of anesthetic used or depth of anesthesia.…”