Renal leiomyoma: a case report and literature review

Abstract

Background Renal leiomyomas are exceptionally rare, benign, mesenchymal tumours originating from smooth muscle in the kidney. Historically, because of their small size, most renal leiomyoma cases were discovered incidentally based on autopsy findings. However, since the advent and improved access to imaging modalities such as ultrasound and computed tomography (CT), renal leiomyomas are being discovered more frequently. Although usually incidental discoveries, clinical presenting signs and symptoms comprise abdominal or flank pain, a palpable flank mass, and haematuria in 20% of those with symptoms. Case presentation We study the case of an incidentally found, asymptomatic, left kidney mass that presented in a 60-year-old female. Initial suspicions on CT imaging of either renal cell carcinoma or oncocytoma resulted in a radical nephrectomy of the left kidney. Postoperative pathological examination of the mass revealed a renal leiomyoma; a rare, benign tumour that is mostly indistinguishable from malignant tumours on imaging. Conclusions With the current availability of ultrasonography and CT, they are often discovered incidentally, and the radiological differential diagnoses are often inadequate or challenging in such cases. The gold standard management of these suspicious cancer cases is still a radical nephrectomy with postoperative pathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Due to its benign nature, patients enjoy excellent prognoses without recurrence. We discuss and briefly review the relevant literature of the clinical, imaging and pathological features of renal leiomyomas and those of the differential diagnoses.

Retrospective analysis of pregnancy-associated listeriosis in a city in southeastern China (Xiamen) from 2015 to 2023

“…Infections contracted during the rst trimester present the gravest outcomes, with a mortality rate of 100%, whereas third-trimester infections show a reduced mortality rate of 57.1%. Nevertheless, the prognosis for pregnant women remains positive, in line with other research ndings [3,10,12,14] .…”

“…In healthy individuals, LM infection is usually limited to mild gastrointestinal symptoms. Pregnant patients infected with LM exhibit symptoms ranging from mild respiratory symptoms to mild gastrointestinal symptoms, resembling in uenza or even being asymptomatic [14] . In this study, The predominant symptoms observed in pregnant women were fever, with a body temperature between 38 ℃ and 40 ℃, followed by abdominal pain, reduced fetal movement, and fetal tachycardia.…”

“…Therefore, strengthening education on food safety awareness among pregnant women can promote prevention [3] . Pregnant women are more susceptible and more severe after infection due to changes in their immune system during pregnancy, which may be attributed to pregnancy induced maternal T-cell suppression, as well as LM and their various virulence factors to facilitate entry into host cells and escape intracellular degradation by the host immune system [1,14,16,17] . The placenta plays an essential role in protecting the fetus from external stimuli.…”

“…The laboratory test results showed elevated levels of NE%, CRT, and PCT in all pregnant women. Nevertheless, these symptoms and laboratory ndings lack distinctive characteristics, therefore the diagnosis of LM infection mainly relies on nucleic acid testing or microbial culture [14] . In addition, histopathological evaluation of the placenta also plays an important role [1,14] .…”

“…Nevertheless, these symptoms and laboratory ndings lack distinctive characteristics, therefore the diagnosis of LM infection mainly relies on nucleic acid testing or microbial culture [14] . In addition, histopathological evaluation of the placenta also plays an important role [1,14] . For example, in our study, all placental histopathological examinations showed varying degrees of acute chorioamnionitis (Grade II-III) and micro-abscess formation in patients.…”