Renal Involvement of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Its Prognostic Effect in Childhood

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate renal involvement in childhood lymphoma and define its prognostic effects. Patients and Methods: One hundred and four patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and renal involvement on admission to a single center between 1972 and 2003 were evaluated retrospectively. Blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, uric acid, electrolytes, and lactate dehydrogenase levels, as well as urinalysis, were evaluated. One or more of the following imaging methods were performed: intravenous urogram, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The χ² test was used to compare the groups. The Kaplan-Meier survival method was used to calculate survival rates, and the log-rank test was used to compare groups with respect to survival. Survival rates were also compared in two different time periods (before 1991 and after 1991). Results: There were 76 boys and 28 girls with a median age of 6 (0.9–16) years. The renal infiltration pattern was nodular in 62 patients (59.6%) and diffuse in 40 patients (38.5%). Two patients had tumoral masses that originated from their kidneys (1.9%). Renal involvement was bilateral in 75 patients (72.1%); the remaining 29 patients had unilateral involvement. The overall survival rate was 42.5% with a median follow-up of 64 months. The factors that had a statistically significant impact on survival were high creatinine (p = 0.00001) and blood urea nitrogen levels (p = 0.0001), the onset of tumor lysis syndrome (p = 0.01), and the need for dialysis (p = 0.009). The survival rate was higher in the time period after 1991 (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Impaired renal function is a poor prognostic factor for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Renal function should therefore be monitored closely. Renal dysfunction caused by direct tumoral involvement may complicate therapy and shorten survival.

Hyperuricemia and tumor lysis syndrome in children with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia

“…In the present study renal involvement occurred in 19% of the NHL patients and 53% of the hyperuricemic patients; this figure was 77% in the patients that developed TLS, as compared to 25% in those that did not (p=0.008). Renal involvement not only increases the risk of acute complications, but also has adverse consequences with regard to longterm prognosis [20]. None of the ALL patients in the present study had renal involvement.…”

Clinical course and prognostic factors of children with Burkitt's lymphoma in a developing country: the experience of a single centre in Brazil

“…In a study of Buyukpamukçu et al high levels of creatinine and urea had a significant negative impact on the survival of 104 children with NHL, 59 of whom were NHL-B (24) . However, our findings did not corroborate these results.…”

A Case of Burkitt Leukemia Presenting with Malnutrition

“…Intestinal Burkitt's lymphoma often involves the submucosal layer and causes diffuse thickening of the wall, which leads to sonographic low-echo appearance (8,9). Renal involvement is a common finding in Burkitt's lymphoma, and prognosis is known to be poor in patients with concomitant kidney function disorder (10,11). The renal involvement of Burkitt's lymphoma is most frequently determined to be hypo-or anechoic focals in ultrasonographic examinations (11).…”

“…Renal involvement is a common finding in Burkitt's lymphoma, and prognosis is known to be poor in patients with concomitant kidney function disorder (10,11). The renal involvement of Burkitt's lymphoma is most frequently determined to be hypo-or anechoic focals in ultrasonographic examinations (11). An increase in bilateral renal size and thin-walled, millimeter-size hypoechoic lesions in both kidneys, the largest of which was 7 mm in the right kidney, were observed in our case.…”