Renal Infectious Diseases

Khalighi, Mazdak A.; Chang, Anthony

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386456-7.05413-7

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 142 publications

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“…Blastomyces dermatitidis is the fungus that causes blastomycosis and is responsible for the overwhelming majority of symptomatic cases of blastomycosis, including pulmonary disseminated disease that occurs in immunocompromised patients, and up to 10% of these cases involve renal involvement [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative and Quantitative Comparison of Aromatic Oil Components and Antifungal Effects of Cymbopogon flexuosus Obtained with Supercritical CO2, Microwave–Ultrasonic, Steam Distillation, and Hydrodistillation Extraction Techniques

Jaradat

2023

Molecules

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Cymbopogon flexuosus is a highly valued botanical species with significant applications in the food and food supplement industries, medicine, and cosmetics. The effects of four extraction techniques, supercritical CO2, microwave–ultrasonic, steam distillation, and hydrodistillation techniques, on the yield, phytochemical constituents, and antifungal activity against nine fungal species of Cymbopogon flexuosus aromatic oil (AO) were explored in this investigation. Gas chromatography connected with a mass spectrometry apparatus was employed for the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the investigated plant AOs. In addition, using the broth microdilution method, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were calculated for several fungi species. The supercritical CO2 method gave the highest yield of AO (11.62 ± 0.03 (w/w)) followed by the microwave–ultrasonic method (1.55 ± 0.05% (w/w)) and the steam distillation method (1.24 ± 0.04% (w/w)), while the hydrodistillation methods gave the lowest yield (1.17 ± 0.01 (w/w)). In addition, eighteen molecules were specified in the AOs obtained with the supercritical CO2, microwave–ultrasonic, steam distillation, and hydrodistillation techniques, which constituted 99.36, 98.6, 98.21, and 98.31% (v/v) of the total oils, respectively. Additionally, linalyl acetate was the trending molecule in the microwave–ultrasonic and steam distillation methods, representing 24.61 and 24.34% (v/v), respectively, while geranial was the dominant molecule in the AOs extracted with the hydrodistillation and supercritical CO2 extraction techniques (27.01 and 25.6% (v/v), respectively). The antifungal screening results revealed that the tested C. flexuosus AOs have potential antifungal effects against all the screened fungi species. The antifungal effect of the AOs extracted with the steam distillation and microwave–ultrasonic methods was remarkable compared with that of the commercial antifungal drug Fluconazole. However, the AOs extracted with these two methods have a more potent antifungal effect against Candida parapsilosis than that of Fluconazole with MICs of 3.13 ± 0.01, 3.13 ± 0.01, and 6.25 ± 0.91 µg/mL, respectively. The same effects were also observed against Trichophyton rubrum with MICs of 6.25 ± 0.91 µg/mL, respectively. The results of this investigation demonstrated that the steam distillation and microwave–ultrasonic methods are promising processes for the extraction of C. flexuosus AO with a potent antifungal effect. This may be an advantage for the utilization of C. flexuosus AO over some antifungal synthetic agents commonly utilized as medicines, preservatives, food additives, cosmetics, and nutrient supplements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative and Quantitative Comparison of Aromatic Oil Components and Antifungal Effects of Cymbopogon flexuosus Obtained with Supercritical CO2, Microwave–Ultrasonic, Steam Distillation, and Hydrodistillation Extraction Techniques

Jaradat

2023

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Renal Infectious Diseases

Cited by 1 publication

References 142 publications

Qualitative and Quantitative Comparison of Aromatic Oil Components and Antifungal Effects of Cymbopogon flexuosus Obtained with Supercritical CO2, Microwave–Ultrasonic, Steam Distillation, and Hydrodistillation Extraction Techniques

Qualitative and Quantitative Comparison of Aromatic Oil Components and Antifungal Effects of Cymbopogon flexuosus Obtained with Supercritical CO2, Microwave–Ultrasonic, Steam Distillation, and Hydrodistillation Extraction Techniques

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