Renal Inactivation of Endogenous Gastrin in Dogs

Booth, Robert; Reeder, David D.; Hjelmquist, U.; Brandt, Edward N.; Thompson, James C.

doi:10.1001/archsurg.1973.01350180085024

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Bombesin at infusion rates similar to those used in the present experiments, produced a strong constriction of the afferent arterioles in the kidney of the dog, with consequent reduction of renal blood flow and impairment of tubular function . Since the kidney is considered one of the major sites in which circulating gastrin is inactivated, especially during periods of stimulated gastrin release (Clendinnen, Reeder & Thompson, 1971;Booth, Reeder, Hjelmquist, Brandt & Thompson, 1973), it is obvious that if the kidney is not fully functional this may contribute to the rise in gastrin levels and/or to the maintenance of these levels above normal for a longer time. However, even in man, where the renal effects of bombesin seem to be small, bombesin acted as a potent gastrin releaser (Erspamer, Melchiorri, Sopranzi, Torsoli, Corazziari & Improta, 1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrin Release by Bombesin in the Dog

Bertaccini

Erspamer²,

Melchiorri³

et al. 1974

British J Pharmacology

163

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The intravenous infusion of bombesin produced in intact dogs and, more strikingly in dogs provided with gastric fistulae a sharp increase in plasma levels of immunoreactive gastrin and at the same time a stimulation of gastric acid secretion. Gastrin response was correlated with the dose of bombesin from approximately 0.1 μg kg−1 h−1 (threshold) to 1 μg kg−1 h−1 (maximum gastrin release). Atropine and metiamide reduced or inhibited gastric acid secretion stimulated by bombesin, but did not affect the rise in gastrin levels. Acidification of the whole stomach or of a perfused antral pouch caused a reduced or delayed response to bombesin. However, the inhibitory effect of acidification could be surmounted by prolonging the duration of bombesin infusion. Antrectomy greatly reduced the rise in gastrin levels and the increase in acid gastric secretion produced by bombesin, but left unaffected the gastric secretagogue effect of pentagastrin. It is concluded that bombesin is a potent releaser of gastrin from the antral mucosa. The possible influence of the renal effects evoked by bombesin in the dog on the gastrin response to the polypeptide is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrin Release by Bombesin in the Dog

Bertaccini

Erspamer²,

Melchiorri³

et al. 1974

British J Pharmacology

163

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“…Further investigations using antisera highly specific to big gastrin or minigastrin are needed to elucidate the effect of glucagon on big gastrin or minigastrin in the antral mucosa as well as in the plasma. The kidney is known to be a major site of inactivation of exogenous and endogenous gastrin (Clendinnen et al 1971;Davidson et al 1973;Booth et al 1973). In contrast with the results of Schj onsby and Willasen (1977), in this study, a significant difference between the renal artery gastrin level and the renal vein gastrin level was found in the patients with normal renal function in the fasting state and the amount of gastrin extracted was found to be linearly related and proportional to the arterial gastrin concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, therefore, simultaneous measurement of antral gastrin concentrations and plasma gastrin levels before and during glucagon infusion was carried out to investigate the effect of glucagon on gastrin release. In addition, measurement of plasma gastrin concentrations in both the renal artery and renal vein before and during glucagon infusion was performed to elucidate the effect of glucagon on gastrin extraction or inactivation in the kidney which is considered to be a major site in gastrin metabolism (Clendinnen et al 1971;Davidson et al 1973;Booth et al 1973). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of decrease of plasma gastrin by glucagon in man.

Nakanome

Ishimori

Gotō

et al. 1983

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Exogenously administered glucagon causes a decrease of plasma gastrin concentration, but the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. We measured antral gastrin concentrations and plasma gastrin levels before and during glucagon infusion in nine patients free of gastrointestinal diseases. In addition, we measured plasma gastrin levels in both the renal artery and renal vein in six patients with normal renal function before and during glucagon infusion. Glucagon caused a significant increase of antral gastrin concentration concomitant with a significant decrease of plasma gastrin level and a significant decrease of percent extraction of gastrin in the kidney. These observations suggest that glucagon causes the decrease of plasma gastrin level by inhibiting the release of gastrin from the antrum, but not by accelerating the renal extraction of gastrin.-antral gastrin concentration; renal extraction; glucagon Exogenous administration of glucagon causes a decrease of basal or postprandial plasma gastrin concentration (Becker et al. 1973;Hansky et al. 1973), as well as of gastric acid secretion in man (Dreiling and Janowitz 1959;Solomon and Spiro 1959;Dotevall and Westling 1960;Cohen et al. 1960;Konturek et al. 1975;Christiansen et al. 1976). The mechanism of the inhibitory effect of glucagon on acid secretion could be, at least in part, due to decreasing plasma gastrin concentration (Christiansen et al. 1976). However, the mechanism of the decrease of plasma gastrin concentration by glucagon in man has not been fully elucidated.Possible mechanisms concerning the diminution of plasma gastrin concentration by glucagon are that glucagon inhibits gastrin synthesis, or inhibits gastrin release, or accelerates gastrin metabolism. The decrease of postprandial gastrin concentration by glucagon suggests that glucagon inhibits gastrin release. On the other hand, the possibility that glucagon accelerates renal extraction of

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“…The glomerular filtration rate has also been shown to influence the concentration of circulating gastrin in man (Hallgren et al 1978). Like other low molecular weight-proteins, gastrin is probably reabsorbed in the proximal tubule (Heinemann & Maack, 1974;Maack, 1975) so that normally very little gastrin appears in the urine (Jaffe & Newton, 1969;Clendinnen et al 1971;Booth et al 1973). In hypergastrinaemic patients however substantial amounts of gastrin are excreted in urine (Schwartz et al 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of the kidneys for the elimination of gastrin has been demonstrated in the rat (Davidson, Moore, Shippey & Conovaloff, 1974;El Munshid, Liedberg, Rehfeld, Sundler, Larsson & HAkanson, 1976), in the dog (Jaffe & Newton, 1969;Clendinnen, Davidson, Reeder, Jackson & Thompson, 1971;Booth, Reeder, Hjelmquist, Brandt & Thompson, 1973;Davidson, Springberg & Falkinburg, 1973;Grace, Davidson & State, 1974;Fender, Ramus, Rayford, Curtis & Thompson, 1975) and in man (Maxwell, Moore, Dixon & Stevens, 1971;Dent, Hirsch, James & Fischer, 1972;Korman, Laver & Hansky, 1972;King & Hansky, 1974;Falcoa, Wesdorp & Fischer, 1975;Gedde-Dahl, 1975;Taylor & Dockray, 1976;Yamagata, Ishimori, Sakurada, Miura, Tsuda, Kawamura, Nakanome & Yamagata, 1976;Trimble, Buchanan & McEvoy, 1976;HAllgren, Karlsson & Lundqvist, 1978;Schwartz, Saks0 & Rehfeld, 1978). When the kidneys are removed in the rat ulcerations occur in the gastric mucosa, basal gastric acid secretion is reduced, and acid response to pentagastrin is abolished, although the response to histamine remains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of the kidneys for gastrin elimination and gastric function

Munshid

Håkanson

Liedberg

et al. 1980

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The gastrin concentrations in serum were elevated after nephrectomy in rats and mice indicating the importance of the kidney for elimination of gastrin in these species. In guinea-pigs and rabbits nephrectomy did not cause increased serum gastrin concentrations. In rats there was a gradual rise in the serum gastrin level up to 48 hr after bilateral nephrectomy and also after ureteral ligation. After the latter operation the concentrations of gastrin in serum were lower than after nephrectomy. Significant elevation of the gastrin level 48 hr after ureteral ligation indicates that gastrin is eliminated at least partly through glomerular filtration. The gastric histidine decarboxylase activity after nephrectomy or ureteral ligation generally reflected the concentration of circulating gastrin.2. After bilateral ureteral ligation gastric acid secretion in conscious fistula rats was uniformly inhibited with no response to pentagastrin or histamine 24 or 48 hr after the operation. After nephrectomy basal acid secretion was reduced and there was no response to pentagastrin. The response to histamine was still present, although reduced at all dose levels. Linear transformation of the dose-response curve indicated mixed inhibition. The incidence of gastric ulcer was 75 % 48 hr after nephrectomy and 30 % after ureteral ligation. Since basal and pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion were unaffected by nephrectomy in rats with the upper two-thirds of the intestine removed, the intestine appears to produce factors which are responsible for the inhibition of gastric secretion.2. On the whole, the gastrin concentration in serum and gastric histidine decarboxylase activity were not increased after five-sixths nephrectomy. Gastric ulcers were seen in the rats with the highest serum urea levels; one in addition had high serum gastrin concentration and gastric histidine decarboxylase activity. Basal, pentagastrin-and histamine-stimulated acid secretion were not affected by subtotal nephrectomy. It appears that in the rat about one sixth of the renal mass is the minimum required for handling gastrin degradation and excretion.

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Renal Inactivation of Endogenous Gastrin in Dogs

Cited by 31 publications

References 7 publications

Gastrin Release by Bombesin in the Dog

Gastrin Release by Bombesin in the Dog

Characteristics of decrease of plasma gastrin by glucagon in man.

Importance of the kidneys for gastrin elimination and gastric function

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