Renal epithelial cell polarity

Wj, Nelson

doi:10.1097/00041552-199210000-00009

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…β-Catenin has been shown to localize to the adherens junction in epithelial cells [8]. In migrating LLC-PK1 cells on laminin-1, we found β-catenin in submembranous localization at the adherens junctions at the leading edge of migrating cohorts (fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…EMT is associated with a complex transition of adhesive and anti-adhesive cell-matrix interactions. Cell adhesion is required to allow tubular epithelial cells to adhere to the basement membrane, to migrate and spread during tubular regeneration and to generate basolateral support to the process of cell polarization [6,7,8]. Adhesive interactions of normal adult tubular epithelium involve predominantly the basement membrane proteins laminin-1, laminin-10 and their receptors [9, 10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rho/Rho Kinase Pathway Regulates Maintenance of the Differentiated Tubular Epithelial Cell Phenotype on Laminin-1

2006

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Background: Maintenance of a polarized tubular epithelium by appropriate intracellular signaling and extracellular matrix is critical both in normal renal function as well as in acute and chronic tubular injury. We examined the hypothesis that maintenance of a differentiated epithelial phenotype on the basement membrane glycoprotein laminin-1 is controlled by the Rho/Rho kinase pathway. Methods: Using the tubular epithelial cell lines LLC-PK1 and MDCK which were cultured on laminin-1 vs. collagen IV, we analyzed cell morphology and motility (cohort migration assay) as well as expression of differentiation and dedifferentiation markers (immunofluorescence microscopy). Results: Cohort migration of LLC-PK1 cells was significantly slowed down on laminin-1 (10.7 ± 2.2 m.u. (migratory units)) compared with collagen IV (16.6 ± 2.3 m.u.; BSA control: 2.8 ± 2.5 m.u.). Inhibition of the Rho/Rho kinase pathway by C3 exotoxin (1 µg/ml) or the Rho kinase inhibitor Y27632 (10 µM) significantly augmented cohort migration on laminin-1 (14.5 ± 1.4 and 16.0 ± 1.8 m.u. vs. 10.7 ± 2.2 m.u.). In parallel to the increased migratory activity, inhibition of the Rho/Rho kinase pathway resulted in a more mesenchymal phenotype of LLC-PK1 cells on laminin-1 with increased formation of lamellopodia and filopodia, distinct loss of focal contacts and stress fibers, upregulation of the dedifferentiation marker vimentin, and loss of cell-cell contacts with translocation of β-catenin from the adherens junctions to the cytosol and nucleus. Similarly, cohort migration of MDCK cells was retarded on laminin-1 when compared with collagen IV, and addition of the Rho kinase inhibitor Y27632 resulted in enhanced motility and a change in cell morphology. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that the Rho/Rho kinase pathway is required to maintain a non-migratory epithelial phenotype of cultured renal tubular LLC-PK1 and MDCK cells on the basement membrane glycoprotein laminin-1.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rho/Rho Kinase Pathway Regulates Maintenance of the Differentiated Tubular Epithelial Cell Phenotype on Laminin-1

2006

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“…In contrast, I propose that the salient commonality between the kidney and the LR axis is their tight linkage of cell polarization to ion transport localization. Kidney cells (and epithelial cells in general) are highly polarized, and exert strong control over ion fluxes by using cytoskeletal and motor protein transport elements to regulate the intracellular membrane transport of ion channels and pumps, specifically including the H þ and K þ transporters known to be important in asymmetry (Nelson et al, 1991;Brown et al, 1992;Nelson, 1992;Suzuki et al, 1995;Al-Awqati et al, 1999;Fujita et al, 2002;Yao et al, 2002;Beyenbach, 2001). Other components implicated in LR asymmetry, such as claudins are also involved in kidney function (Yu et al, 2003;Abuazza et al, 2006;Balkovetz, 2006;Gonzalez-Mariscal et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2006), as they shape the transepithelial voltage gradients resulting from the targeted ion flows.…”

Section: The Lr Axis Is Like a Kidney: Insights From Epithelia And Otmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the early left‐right axis like a plant, a kidney, or a neuron? The integration of physiological signals in embryonic asymmetry

Levin¹

2006

Birth Defects Research Pt C

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Embryonic morphogenesis occurs along three orthogonal axes. While the patterning of the anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral axes has been increasingly well-characterized, the left-right (LR) axis has only relatively recently begun to be understood at the molecular level. The mechanisms that ensure invariant LR asymmetry of the heart, viscera, and brain involve fundamental aspects of cell biology, biophysics, and evolutionary biology, and are important not only for basic science but also for the biomedicine of a wide range of birth defects and human genetic syndromes. The LR axis links biomolecular chirality to embryonic development and ultimately to behavior and cognition, revealing feedback loops and conserved functional modules occurring as widely as plants and mammals. This review focuses on the unique and fascinating physiological aspects of LR patterning in a number of vertebrate and invertebrate species, discusses several profound mechanistic analogies between biological regulation in diverse systems (specifically proposing a nonciliary parallel between kidney cells and the LR axis based on subcellular regulation of ion transporter targeting), highlights the possible importance of early, highly-conserved intracellular events that are magnified to embryo-wide scales, and lays out the most important open questions about the function, evolutionary origin, and conservation of mechanisms underlying embryonic asymmetry.

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Cell Polarity and Morphology

Carraway

CarrawayIII

1998

Signaling and the Cytoskeleton

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Renal epithelial cell polarity

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Rho/Rho Kinase Pathway Regulates Maintenance of the Differentiated Tubular Epithelial Cell Phenotype on Laminin-1

Rho/Rho Kinase Pathway Regulates Maintenance of the Differentiated Tubular Epithelial Cell Phenotype on Laminin-1

Is the early left‐right axis like a plant, a kidney, or a neuron? The integration of physiological signals in embryonic asymmetry

Cell Polarity and Morphology

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