Renal Complications of Sulfonamide Therapy

Abeshouse, Benjamin S.; Tankin, Louis H.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)69857-4

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Sulfonamides, particularly SDZ, may form insoluble crystals in acid urine, leading to tubular obstruction and hematuria in humans (Abeshouse & Tankin, 1946; Biorn, 1952). This risk is greatest at high doses, or with pre‐existing acidosis or dehydration.…”

Section: Dose‐dependent Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiosyncratic toxicity associated with potentiated sulfonamides in the dog

Trepanier

2004

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

114

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Idiosyncratic toxicity to potentiated sulfonamides occurs in both humans and dogs, with considerable clinical similarities. The syndrome in dogs can consist of fever, arthropathy, blood dyscrasias (neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, or hemolytic anemia), hepatopathy consisting of cholestasis or necrosis, skin eruptions, uveitis, or keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Other manifestations seen less commonly include protein-losing nephropathy, meningitis, pancreatitis, pneumonitis, or facial nerve palsy. The pathogenesis of these reactions is not completely understood, but may be due to a T-cell-mediated response to proteins haptenated by oxidative sulfonamide metabolites. Our laboratory is working on tests to characterize dogs with possible idiosyncratic sulfonamide reactions, to include ELISA for anti-drug antibodies, immunoblotting for antibodies directed against liver proteins, flow cytometry for drug-dependent anti-platelet antibodies, and in vitro cytotoxicity assays. The management of idiosyncratic sulfonamide toxicity involves client education to identify clinical signs early and allow rapid drug discontinuation, supportive care to include possibly ascorbate and glutathione precursors, and avoidance of subsequent re-exposure. It is important to realize that only antimicrobial sulfonamides, such as sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, and sulfadimethoxine, share this clinical syndrome. There is no evidence for cross-reactivity with drugs that have different underlying structures but share a sulfonamide moiety, such as acetazolamide, furosemide, glipizide, or hydrochlorthiazide.

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Section: Dose‐dependent Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiosyncratic toxicity associated with potentiated sulfonamides in the dog

Trepanier

2004

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

114

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“…31 Fillipin and Rein-hold12 showed that the administration of 12 g/d of sodium bicarbonate decreased the incidence of crystalluria from 28% to 6%, with a concomitant rise in urinary pH from a mean of 5.98 to 7.14. Although the amount of sulfadiazine excreted with¬ out crystallization can be tripled by increasing the urine volume from 1 to 3 L, it can be increased greater than 20-fold by increasing urinary pH from 5.5 to 7.5.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%