Renal Compensation During Mild Water Diuresis and its Inhibition by Vagotomy.

Perlmutt, Joseph H.

doi:10.3181/00379727-125-32183

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…These results agree with observations of GFR in the rabbit ( 1 7 ) , rat ( 5 , 2 ) and the dog (8,6). GFR did not change significantly during the 90 minutes following kidney exclusion in either group.…”

Section: Discusslonsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The functional adaptation that follows removal of one kidney has been studied in several species and occurs within the first hours following uninephrectomy. These changes have been confirmed by some ( 3 , 4 ) , but not by a l l subsequent studies (5, 6) . Acute compensatory changes in sodium and potassium excretion, without changes in glomerular filtration rate, have been observed by Peters ( 2 ) in rats after functional exclusion of one kidney.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Compensatory Adaptation of Bicarbonate Excretion Following Acute Contralateral Kidney Exclusion in the Dog

Dirks

1976

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Changes in the excretion of bicarbonate, sodium and potassium in one kidney after exclusion (complete sudden ligation of renal pedicle) of its partner have been studied in 16 dogs undergoing bicarbonate diuresis. Fluid balance, haematocrit, plasma electrolyte and protein concentrations were maintained constant throughout the experiment. Acute contralateral renal pedicle ligation lead to an immediate increase in bicarbonate as well as water, sodium and potassium excretion by the remaining kidney. The rapid and immediate increase in the fractional and absolute rates of bicarbonate excretion was observed at varying levels of bicarbonate loading, with the greatest response occurring at the highest infusion rate. Sodium, potassium and water excretion also increased in parallel with urinary bicarbonate loss. The increase in bicarbonate exposition, glomerular filtration rate, effective renal plasma flow, aldosterone and vasopressin. In 8 sham-operated animals, no abrupt increase in sodium and bicarbonate excretion occurred despite similar continued infusion of sodium bicarbonate. It was concluded that exclusion of one kidney induces immediate adaptive excretory changes for sodium and bicarbonate in the remaining kidney, and that these changes are not accounted for by any of the known factors normally regulating sodium and bicarbonate excretion.

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Section: Discusslonsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Compensatory Adaptation of Bicarbonate Excretion Following Acute Contralateral Kidney Exclusion in the Dog

Dirks

1976

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“…Chloride excretion may increase or remain unchanged [30,235]. Free-water clear ance during mild water diuresis may increase [389], GFR is unchanged [30,80,194,235,389], TRBF or ERPF has been found variously increased [274] or unchanged [30, 80. 194, 235, 387, 498], All of these changes (in blood pressure, cardiac output and excretion) could be pre vented by opening a femoral arteriovenous fistula equiv alent to that of the clamped renal artery [235].…”

Section: Crg In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…194, 235, 387, 498], All of these changes (in blood pressure, cardiac output and excretion) could be pre vented by opening a femoral arteriovenous fistula equiv alent to that of the clamped renal artery [235]. Excretion and other changes could also be decreased or blocked by denervation of, or maintenance of constant pressure to, the carotid sinus or, on sodium excretion, by intraarterial infusion of prostaglandins E; or A: [137], Vagotomy blocked the rise in free-water clearance [389] and blood pressure and cardiac responses [235,236], Wet weight of the contralateral kidney has increased by about 30% by 1-2 weeks with reported values varying from 14% at 3 months to 50% at 10 days [60, 84, 145, 289. 322, 345, 387], In two series of 3 and 5 animals each fractional weight per kilogram body weight after 2 15 months (average 9) had increased by 57 and 85%, respec tively [7,518], Following unilateral ureteral ligation, wet weight of the contralateral kidney had increased by 66% at 6 months.…”

Section: Crg In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensatory Growth and Other Growth Responses of the Kidney

Wesson

1989

Nephron

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“…The increment in cation excretion is small; these and other experiments have demonstrated that UKV increases after AUN more consistently than UNBV Diezi et al, 1978;Dirks and Wong, 1978). Both micropuncture and clearance studies have shown a depression in proximal reabsorption after AUN (Dirks and Wong, 1978;Perlmutt, 1967;Guignard and Dirks, 1976a). The small increment in electrolyte excretion in the face of a large decrease in proximal reabsorption has been attributed to reabsorption in distal nephron segments of much of the increment in fluid delivered out of the proximal tubule.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention by vagotomy or atropine administration of the hemodynamic changes occurring after acute unilateral nephrectomy in the dog.

Humphreys¹,

Ayus²,

Stanton³

1980

Circulation Research

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Acute unilateral nephrectomy (AUN) increases electrolyte excretion by the remaining kidney and is associated with a decrease in cardiac output (CO). We studied anesthetized dogs to determine the role of the vagus nerves in these responses to AUN. In six intact animals, AUN increased sodium excretion (U Na V) from 31.7 ± 13.9 to 47.5 ± 14.3 /iEq/min (P < 0.05) and potassium excretion (U K V) from 29.3 ± 5.2 to 62.0 ± 11.4 /iEq/min (P < 0.02) as CO fell from 2.8 ± 0.2 to 1.9 to 0.3 liters/min (P < 0.005), and blood pressure and total peripheral resistance increased; no change in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) occurred, but renal blood flow fell significantly. In seven dogs undergoing sham nephrectomy, no signficant changes in any of these variables occurred. In 12 dogs with bilateral cervical vagotomy, AUN increased U N «V from 19.3 ± 5.3 to 39.6 ± 13.7 /lEq/min (P< 0.05) and U K V from 35.7 ± 5.5 to 46.8 ± 5.8 /iEq/min, (P < 0.001), without changes in GFR, renal blood flow, or mean arterial pressure. However, CO and total peripheral resistance did not change in this group. In nine dogs given intravenous atropine sulfate (0.067 mg/kg), AUN again resulted in comparable increases in cation excretion, but no significant change in CO occurred. These studies demonstrate that the increased electrolyte excretion seen after AUN is not prevented by bilateral cervical vagotomy or by atropine administration. However, the decrease in CO associated with AUN does not occur under these circumstances, indicating that reflex vagal efferent activity is responsible for this hemodynamic change. Therefore, the increase in electrolyte excretion after AUN can be dissociated from the decrease in CO.

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Renal Compensation During Mild Water Diuresis and its Inhibition by Vagotomy.

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Compensatory Adaptation of Bicarbonate Excretion Following Acute Contralateral Kidney Exclusion in the Dog

Compensatory Adaptation of Bicarbonate Excretion Following Acute Contralateral Kidney Exclusion in the Dog

Compensatory Growth and Other Growth Responses of the Kidney

Prevention by vagotomy or atropine administration of the hemodynamic changes occurring after acute unilateral nephrectomy in the dog.

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