Renal Cell Carcinoma with Testicular Metastases: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastases to the testicle are an extremely rare clinical entity. Here, we describe the case of a man with metastatic RCC who developed a new testicular mass. Pathologic analysis after surgical removal of this testicle confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic RCC. This report highlights the unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with such a disease process.

Rare presentation of a clear cell renal cell cancer metastasis to the contralateral testicle: A case report

“…It is rare for solid tumours to metastasise to the testicles, with the majority from prostate tumour, lung tumours and malignant melanomas. 3 This is thought to be due to the lower temperature in the testes, and the blood-testis barrier created by Sertoli cells, which create a less favourable environment for malignant cells to proliferate. 2 , 3 …”

“… 3 This is thought to be due to the lower temperature in the testes, and the blood-testis barrier created by Sertoli cells, which create a less favourable environment for malignant cells to proliferate. 2 , 3 …”

“…However, primary testicular tumours are less common with increasing age, with just 8% of primary testicular tumours occurring over the age of 50. 3 Given testicular tumour markers were negative, which does not rule out primary malignancy, and ultrasound features of testicular malignancies are too general to provide definitive diagnosis, histopathological diagnostic assessment is essential.…”

“…RCC typically metastases via the venous system, with the most common sites of metastasis the lungs, brain, bone and liver, however, atypical sites have been reported. 2 , 3 We present a rare case of metastasis to the contralateral testis over five years following surgical resection of the primary tumour.…”

The Cellular Stress and Cutaneous Manifestations in Renal Cell Carcinomas—A Narrative Review

“…Cutaneous metastases are not frequent, and the incidence and clinical manifestations are poorly established in the literature (Table 1). Various reports have described the spread of RCC to the head, neck, trunk, abdomen, testicles, penis, and extremities [50,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. The most common sites for cutaneous metastasis in RCC have been the trunk (40%), scalp (25%), and face (9%) of all metastatic lesions [65].…”