Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis to Anterior Orbit

Lee, Yong S; Davoudi, Samaneh; LiVecchi, John

doi:10.7759/cureus.15173

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Also, 19 patients (17.9%) had only ocular metastasis. [ 2 , 6 , 7 , 11 , 13 , 24 , 16 , 25 , 27 , 30 - 32 , 42 , 45 , 51 , 54 , 56 ] There was no other distant metastasis seen in such cases. Therefore, screening of eyes with regular follow-up should be advised for all the patients diagnosed with RCC, especially clear cell variant for the early diagnosis of metastasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…[ 7 , 12 ] However, exceptions are always there as it is seen that some of the patients may present with ocular/distant metastases at the time of initial diagnosis of RCC,[ 9 ] and in rare cases, the patients may present with distant metastasis first even prior to the diagnosis of primary renal tumor. [ 11 , 13 ] Patients with distant metastasis of RCC have a poor prognosis with a median survival time of around 13 months only along with resistance to treatment options – chemotherapy and radiotherapy. [ 9 ] RCC metastasizes commonly through the venous or lymphatic system.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ocular metastasis from renal malignancies – A comprehensive review

Jindal,

Kapatia,

Gupta

2023

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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The most common cause of intraocular mass is metastasis from other tumors. Renal malignancies, though rare, have a substantial number of cases with ocular metastasis, few of which were misdiagnosed. Many a times renal malignancies present with ocular manifestations before the primary diagnosis. Here in this article, we comprehensively reviewed 106 cases of ocular metastasis from renal malignancies published till date to the best of our knowledge. The eye is a rare site for distant metastasis because of the lack of a lymphatic system. The most common ocular structures to get involved in distant metastasis are the uveal tract, i.e., choroid, iris, and ciliary body. The most common renal tumor which metastasizes to eyes is renal cell carcinoma (RCC). RCC accounts for less than 2% of all ophthalmic metastases. Out of total 106 cases, the type of renal malignancy was known in 95 cases only, of which 92 had RCC, 1 Wilm’s tumor, 1 rhabdoid tumor, and 1 medullary carcinoma. The age ranged widely from 2 weeks old to 81 years old. The male to female ratio was 3.4:1. In total, 67.4% of cases had a previous history of RCC, while the rest 32.6% primarily presented with ophthalmic manifestations first. Treatment modalities included enucleation of the eye, debulking surgery followed by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular metastasis from renal malignancies – A comprehensive review

Jindal,

Kapatia,

Gupta

2023

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Renal cell carcinoma is an uncommon tumor from the renal cortex, accounting for approximately 2% of systemic malignant tumors . Renal cell carcinoma most commonly metastasizes to the lung, bone, liver, and brain, and it rarely metastasizes to orbital or intraocular tissue, with fewer than 80 cases reported in the literature …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Retinal Vasculitis” With Bilateral Retinal Detachments

2023

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“…RCC is a rare malignancy accounting for 2–3% of systemic tumors [ 7 ]. It occurs more often in men during the seventh and eighth decade of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Presentation of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Masquerading as Vitritis: A Case Report and Review of Literature

2022

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We report a case of a 74-year-old gentleman who presented with floaters and decreased vision in the right eye after cataract surgery. His past medical history was significant for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) to bone, lung and abdomen which was presumed stable for the last two years while on the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), pazopanib. Clinical examination revealed significant vitritis with a distinctive clumping of cells on the pre-retinal surface and posterior hyaloid face. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed new lesions suspicious for metastases. A diagnostic vitrectomy was performed to determine the nature of the vitritis and clear the visual axis. Cytopathologic evaluation of the vitreous demonstrated clusters of malignant cells that were positive for AE1/AE3 and PAX-8, and negative for the CD20, CD3, RCC, SOX-10 and S-100 immunohistochemical markers. The overall findings favored a metastatic RCC to the vitreous. Choroidal and retinal metastases from mRCC have been previously reported; however, vitreous involvement by mRCC with no evidence of retinal or choroidal mass has not been described. New treatments of mRCC include TKIs which target vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs). Herein, we analyze the factors that could have precipitated this unusual metastasis to the vitreous.

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Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis to Anterior Orbit

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Ocular metastasis from renal malignancies – A comprehensive review

Ocular metastasis from renal malignancies – A comprehensive review

“Retinal Vasculitis” With Bilateral Retinal Detachments

A Rare Presentation of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Masquerading as Vitritis: A Case Report and Review of Literature

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