Renal Carcinoma Patterns and Prevalence in Bahrain: A Descriptive Study

Abstract

Cancer is a major health problem with a significant impact on society and healthcare systems. In 2018, approximately 18.1 million cases of cancer were diagnosed and 9.6 million deaths were documented. Urological cancers account for 12.9% of new cases recorded and 8% of deaths due to cancer worldwide. The latest cancer registries covering the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries report that 4078 cases of renal cell carcinoma were diagnosed from 1998 to 2012. Urological cancers comprised 9.4% of all cases with an incidence rate of 16.1% in males and 3.2% in females.All renal cancer cases documented in Salmaniya Medical Complex (SMC) from 2014 to 2018 were reviewed. Data collected for all patients from the electronic health record system included age at diagnosis, gender, laterality of cancer (where applicable), histological type, and TNM (tumor, node, metastasis) classification and staging. Furthermore, World Health Organization (WHO) grade and data were collected for kidney cancer cases. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY).From 2014 to 2018, there were 65 documented cases of kidney cancer with an average caseload of 13 cases per year. The mean age at diagnosis was 57.6 years. Clear cell carcinoma was the most common histological subtype (37.5%). Stage 1 was the most common stage at diagnosis (35.4%) and the age-standardized mortality rate for males and females were 4.59 and 4.58 in 100,000, respectively. Kidney cancer is a urological malignancy that can pose a burden on both the patient and the healthcare system. There should be a national effort to better understand the etiology and epidemiology of this disease entity with regard to our population. Such efforts would make data regarding diagnosis, management, and follow-up more accessible and would add positively to our healthcare system.

TYROBP as a molecular target in cholangiocarcinoma, renal cancer and abdominal aortic aneurysm

“…Renal cancer usually develops in people over the age 50, with a higher incidence in men than in women, and the risk is about twice as high in smokers, genetic factors, chronic kidney disease, obesity may increase the risk of kidney cancer. [ 6 , 7 ] Renal cancer has a predilection for the elderly, and has a certain familial hereditary predisposition to kidney cancer. Early stage renal cancer is usually asymptomatic and difficult to detect.…”

Utility of the Paris System in Urine Cytology for Improved Screening of High-Grade Urothelial Carcinoma in Bahrain

“…The most recent cancer registries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) report that Bahrain had 4758 documented cases of diagnosed urothelial cancer between 1998 and 2012 [4]. In 2022, Al Aradi et al reported 65 cases of urothelial carcinoma during the period from 2014 to 2018 in the Salmaniya Medical Complex (SMC), the largest tertiary healthcare center in Bahrain, with age-standardized mortality rates (ASR) of 4.59 and 4.58 per 100,000 in males and females, respectively [5]. Urine cytology has emerged as a cost-effective and accessible screening tool for urothelial carcinoma, aimed at facilitating early diagnosis and intervention [6].…”