Renal and liver functions and muscle injuries during training and after competition in Thai boxers.

Abstract

Objective-To observe whether there are any injuries to muscle and deleterious eVects on the liver and kidneys during training and after competition in Thai boxers. Methods-Serum levels of intracellular enzymes and specific markers in the urine were measured during training and after fighting in Thai boxers. Results-During the training period, the activities of muscle enzymes were significantly increased whereas those of the liver enzymes and creatinine clearance were not changed. After a match, on the other hand, both liver and muscle enzyme activities were elevated but renal function was decreased. Conclusions-The training protocol for Thai boxers has virtually no deleterious eVect on liver and renal function, but damage to skeletal muscle cells may occur. However, competition may cause muscle injury without any obvious damage to the liver and kidneys. (Br J Sports Med 1998;32:304-308)

Muscular damage and intravascular haemolysis during an 18 hour subterranean exploration in a cave of 700 m depth

“…The body mass index and body fat percentage of the participants were consistent with men accustomed to intense sporting activity. 6 7 The moderate increase in CK and LDH sarcoplasmic enzymes at the beginning of the exploration and the subsequent marked increase during the ascent suggest that this type of strenuous activity causes muscle damage, which is in accordance with previous studies of endurance sports, [8][9][10] This is particularly evident during the ascent stage, when the intensity and duration of exercise, 8 9 and the effects of impacts [11][12][13] against the rock, are harder than during the descent. While descending a rope is a straightforward task, ascending involves multiple ''frog-like'' movements* and a consequent high expenditure of energy.…”

Serum alanine aminotransferase in skeletal muscle diseases

“…[3][4][5] Some authors have attributed this to a reversible form of hepatic dysfunction believed to result from unclear mechanisms. 2 Patients in our report had normal serum bilirubin levels and prothrombin times despite significant elevations in transaminase and LDH levels, an unlikely finding had the liver been the source of the enzyme abnormality.…”

Alanine Aminotransferase-Old Biomarker and New Concept: A Review

“…Extreme physical exertion can induce a short-term, reversible elevation in ALT. In a study focused on Thai boxers, the ALT level was 2-2.25-fold higher than the baseline value after a fight in 20 male adolescent Thai boxers 25. In addition, an elevation in ALT was also observed in 9 runners who took part in a 1600 km ultra-marathon 26; specifically, a 4-fold increase in ALT activity was observed on the 4th day of running compared to the baseline value.…”