Renaissance of dinitroazetidine: novel hybrid energetic boosters and oxidizers

Abstract

Nitrogen-oxygen organic materials constitute an important family of multipurpose high-energy materials. However, preparation of energetic boosters and oxidizers for various civil and space technologies remains a challenging task and such...

Mechanical Properties and Temperature and Pressure Effects on the Crystal Structure of (2S,3S,4R)-2,3,4-(Trinitratomethyl)-1-nitroazetidine (TMNA) by Single-Crystal X-ray Diffractometry and Density Functional Theory

“…Moiety modification and moiety integration exemplify two approaches for synthesizing energetic azetidines. The former approach involves adding explosophores to the azetidine moiety, whereas the latter involves the union between a modified energetic azetidine moiety and an existing energetic chemical system. − ,− Energetic 3,3-dinitroazetidine (DNAZ), 3-nitrato-1-nitroazeditine (NNA), 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine (TNAZ), and nitroimine azetidine (NIA) illustrate examples of moiety modification (Figure ). The crystal structure of DNAZ presents two nitro groups attached to the azetidine ring carbon atom, whereas NNA presents a nitro group attached to the azetidine ring nitrogen atom and a nitrato group (−O–NO 2 ) attached to the carbon atom opposite the nitrogen atom. , In contrast, the crystal structure of TNAZ reveals a nitro group attached to the azetidine nitrogen atom in addition to a pair of nearly perpendicular nitro groups (–NO 2 ) attached to the carbon atom opposite the nitro amino ring atom.…”

First Example of 1,2,5‐Oxadiazole‐Based Hypergolic Ionic Liquids: A New Class of Potential Energetic Fuels

“…Moreover, the functionalization of the 1,2,5-oxadiazole backbone enables the preparation of energetic materials with high densities and improved properties. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Considering these advantages and versatility of the 1,2,5-oxadiazole ring in the preparation of explosives, we proposed that its incorporation into the structure of ILs would be a promising combination enroute to novel potential high-performance energetic fuels.…”

“…Meanwhile, 1,2,5‐oxadiazole (furazan) and 1,2,5‐oxadiazole 2‐oxide (furoxan) scaffolds are valuable building blocks due to their high positive enthalpies of formation and huge nitrogen‐oxygen contents presented within the core. Moreover, the functionalization of the 1,2,5‐oxadiazole backbone enables the preparation of energetic materials with high densities and improved properties [23–34] . Considering these advantages and versatility of the 1,2,5‐oxadiazole ring in the preparation of explosives, we proposed that its incorporation into the structure of ILs would be a promising combination enroute to novel potential high‐performance energetic fuels.…”

Impact of regiochemistry in energetic materials science: a case of (nitratomethyl-1,2,3-triazolyl)furazans

“…Depending on their functional properties (thermal stability, oxygen balance, mechanical sensitivity, and detonation performance), high-energy materials may serve as primary or secondary explosives, melt-castable substances or plasticizers, energetic boosters or oxidizers. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Recently, investigations on the synthesis of new melt-castable materials and energetic plasticizers got a second wind. Promising melt-castable explosives must possess rather low melting temperatures (70-100 °C) and good thermal stabilities.…”