Removing lead from metallic mixture of waste printed circuit boards by vacuum distillation: Factorial design and removal mechanism

Li, Xingang; Gao, Yujie; Ding, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.005

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In general, the null hypothesis (H0) of ANOVA states that one or more than one operating factors do not cause a significant difference in means of any responses; H0: µ1 = µ2 = … = µa [55,77]. Most researchers have mutually agreed that the p-value has to be equal or smaller than 0.05 so that the operating factors are statistically significant in affecting the investigated response, leading to rejection of the null hypothesis for the ANOVA [71,72,[74][75][76][78][79][80].…”

Section: Analysis Of Variance (Anova)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of General Full Factorial Statistical Experimental Design’s Approach for the Development of Sustainable Clay-Based Ceramics Incorporated with Malaysia’s Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slag Waste

et al. 2021

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This study aims to optimize the composition (body formulation) and firing temperature of sustainable ceramic clay-based ceramics incorporated with electric arc furnace (EAF) steel slag waste using general full factorial design (GFFD). The optimization is necessary to minimize drawbacks of high iron oxide’s fluxing agent (originated from electric arc furnace, EAF steel slag waste), which led to severe surface defects and high closed porosity issue of the ceramics. Statistical analysis of GFFD including model adequacy checking, analysis of variance (ANOVA), interaction plots, regression model, contour plot and response optimizer were conducted in the study. The responses (final properties of ceramics) investigated were firing shrinkage, water absorption, apparent porosity, bulk density and modulus of rupture (MOR). Meanwhile, the factors employed in experimental parameters were weight percentage (wt.%) of EAF slag added and firing temperature. Upon statistical analysis, GFFD has deduced that wt.% amount of EAF slag added and firing temperatures are proven to significantly influence the final properties of the clay-based ceramic incorporated with EAF slag. The results of conducted statistical analysis were also highly significant and proven valid for the ceramics. Optimized properties (maximum MOR, minimum water absorption and apparent porosity) of the ceramic were attained at 50 wt.% of EAF slag added and firing temperature of 1180 °C.

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Section: Analysis Of Variance (Anova)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…= µ a [55,77]. Most researchers have mutually agreed that the p-value has to be equal or smaller than 0.05 so that the operating factors are statistically significant in affecting the investigated response, leading to rejection of the null hypothesis for the ANOVA [71,72,[74][75][76][78][79][80].…”

Section: Analysis Of Variance (Anova)mentioning

confidence: 99%