Removal of Trihalomethanes from Water using Modified Montmorillonite

Abstract

Trihalomethanes (THMs) are formed during the water chlorination process through the reaction between chlorine and the organic materials. In this research, montmorillonite (MMT) and its modified form were used to remove the THMs from the water. The optimum conditions for the best adsorption capacity were evaluated using the Taguchi design of experiments. The result of comparing MMT with its modified sulfonated form (SMMT) indicated that SMMT is a more effective adsorbent than MMT. The evaluations showed that the optimum conditions for the THMs removal occur at 20 °C, 10 mg of adsorbent, 1 mg/L of THMs concentration, and 120 min for the adsorption time. The maximum adsorption capacity of CHCl3, CHBrCl2, CHBr2Cl, and CHBr3 was achieved: 0.49, 0.45, 0.43, and 0.38 mg/g at C0 = 0.10 mg/L; 1.71, 1.62, 1.56, and 1.45 mg/g at C0 = 0.50 mg/L; and 4.43, 4.35, 4.23, and 3.67 mg/g for C0 = 5.00 mg/L, respectively. The THMs adsorption was compared between SMMT, powdered activated carbon (PAC), and granular activated carbon (GAC) and the results showed that SMMT is as effective as PAC and better than GAC and its production cost is lower than for the activated carbon.

Applicability of Clay/Organic Clay to Environmental Pollutants: Green Way—An Overview

“…At the same time, Van et al [100] used starch and montmorillonite clay for Pb and Cd removal. Meanwhile, Haghigha and Mohammad Khan [101] used chlorosulfonic acid as a modifier to degrade trihalo methane. Dye removals through montmorillonite composite were performed in the same year by El-Kousy et al [102], Bayram et al [103], and Pormazar and Dalvand [104].…”

Removal of Phenol from Water Using an Activated Carbon Prepared from Juniperus Thurifera Tree

“…Many experimental approaches such as biodegradation, chemical oxidation, catalytic oxidation, membrane separation, and adsorption have been used to remove phenol from aqueous media. [7][8][9][10][11] The adsorption technique is a simple, effective, and low-cost method for water treatment. This process uses clay, [12][13][14] carbon nanotubes, 15,16 and activated carbon as adsorbents to eliminate the required water contaminant.…”