Removal of the C6 vaccinia virus interferon-β inhibitor in the hepatitis C vaccine candidate MVA-HCV elicited in mice high immunogenicity in spite of reduced host gene expression

Marín, María Q.; Pérez, Patricia; Gómez, Carmen Elena; Sorzano, Carlos Óscar S.; Esteban, Mariano; García-Arriaza, Juan

doi:10.1101/330902

2018

DOI: 10.1101/330902

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Removal of the C6 vaccinia virus interferon-β inhibitor in the hepatitis C vaccine candidate MVA-HCV elicited in mice high immunogenicity in spite of reduced host gene expression

María Q. Marín

Patricia Pérez

Carmen Elena Gómez

et al.

Abstract: (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. of hepatitis C proteins but lacks an IFN-β inhibitor, the C6 vaccinia virus protein. 68All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.

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Cited by 8 publications

References 77 publications

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Vaccinia Virus: From Crude Smallpox Vaccines to Elaborate Viral Vector Vaccine Design

2021

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Various vaccinia virus (VACV) strains were applied during the smallpox vaccination campaign to eradicate the variola virus worldwide. After the eradication of smallpox, VACV gained popularity as a viral vector thanks to increasing innovations in genetic engineering and vaccine technology. Some VACV strains have been extensively used to develop vaccine candidates against various diseases. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is a VACV vaccine strain that offers several advantages for the development of recombinant vaccine candidates. In addition to various host-restriction genes, MVA lacks several immunomodulatory genes of which some have proven to be quite efficient in skewing the immune response in an unfavorable way to control infection in the host. Studies to manipulate these genes aim to optimize the immunogenicity and safety of MVA-based viral vector vaccine candidates. Here we summarize the history and further work with VACV as a vaccine and present in detail the genetic manipulations within the MVA genome to improve its immunogenicity and safety as a viral vector vaccine.

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Vaccinia Virus: From Crude Smallpox Vaccines to Elaborate Viral Vector Vaccine Design

2021

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Poxvirus Interactions with the Host Ubiquitin System

Lant

Motes

2021

Pathogens

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The ubiquitin system has emerged as a master regulator of many, if not all, cellular functions. With its large repertoire of conjugating and ligating enzymes, the ubiquitin system holds a unique mechanism to provide selectivity and specificity in manipulating protein function. As intracellular parasites viruses have evolved to modulate the cellular environment to facilitate replication and subvert antiviral responses. Poxviruses are a large family of dsDNA viruses with large coding capacity that is used to synthetise proteins and enzymes needed for replication and morphogenesis as well as suppression of host responses. This review summarises our current knowledge on how poxvirus functions rely on the cellular ubiquitin system, and how poxviruses exploit this system to their own advantage, either facilitating uncoating and genome release and replication or rewiring ubiquitin ligases to downregulate critical antiviral factors. Whilst much remains to be known about the intricate interactions established between poxviruses and the host ubiquitin system, our knowledge has revealed crucial viral processes and important restriction factors that open novel avenues for antiviral treatment and provide fundamental insights on the biology of poxviruses and other virus families.

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Rendezvous with Vaccinia Virus in the Post-smallpox Era: R&D Advances

Wang

2023

Viruses

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Smallpox was eradicated in less than 200 years after Edward Jenner’s practice of cowpox variolation in 1796.The forty-three years of us living free of smallpox, beginning in 1979, never truly separated us from poxviruses. The recent outbreak of monkeypox in May 2022 might well warn us of the necessity in keeping up both the scientific research and public awareness of poxviruses. One of them in particular, the vaccinia virus (VACV), has been extensively studied as a vector given its broad host range, extraordinary thermal stability, and exceptional immunogenicity. Unceasing fundamental biological research on VACV provides us with a better understanding of its genetic elements, involvement in cellular signaling pathways, and modulation of host immune responses. This enables the rational design of safer and more efficacious next-generation vectors. To address the new technological advancement within the past decade in VACV research, this review covers the studies of viral immunomodulatory genes, modifications in commonly used vectors, novel mechanisms for rapid generation and purification of recombinant virus, and several other innovative approaches to studying its biology.

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Removal of the C6 vaccinia virus interferon-β inhibitor in the hepatitis C vaccine candidate MVA-HCV elicited in mice high immunogenicity in spite of reduced host gene expression

Abstract: (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. of hepatitis C proteins but lacks an IFN-β inhibitor, the C6 vaccinia virus protein. 68All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.

Cited by 8 publications

References 77 publications

Vaccinia Virus: From Crude Smallpox Vaccines to Elaborate Viral Vector Vaccine Design

Vaccinia Virus: From Crude Smallpox Vaccines to Elaborate Viral Vector Vaccine Design

Poxvirus Interactions with the Host Ubiquitin System

Rendezvous with Vaccinia Virus in the Post-smallpox Era: R&D Advances

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