before and after removal of tetracycline. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) all supported adsorption and Fenton oxidation of tetracycline. This study extends the application of Fe 3 O 4 @ZIF-8@ZIF-67 for environmental remediation.
IntroductionAntibiotic consumption has increased globally from usage in human and animal disease treatment, growth promotion, and prophylaxis (Kovalakova et al., 2020). Most ingested antibiotics are released into the aquatic environment instead of being metabolized by organisms (Kraemer et al., 2019). Tetracycline (TC), which ranks second in terms of global production and usage, was discovered in the 1940s (Jeong et al., 2010). Recent results suggest that the concentration of TC in surface water is ~ 0.15 ug L − 1 (Guo et al., 2017). Environmental TC residues may destroy ecosystems and result in the development of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) (Wang et al., 2020). Thus, it is critical and urgent to remove TC from the aquatic environment.