Removal of stigmasterol from Kraft mill effluent by aerobic biological treatment with steroidal metabolite detection

Chamorro, Soledad; Vergara, Juan P; Jarpa, Mayra; Hernández, Vı́ctor; Becerra, José; Vidal, Gladys

doi:10.1080/10934529.2016.1198190

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Sample 3, used between days 70 and 89 and HRT 1.85 d, also showed a better profile for biological treatment, with BOD 5 /COD ratio of 0.33 and with the lowest TPC concentration (113 mg L -1 ) [16]. In general, the characteristics of different samples agree with those found by different authors, corroborating the variety that a real sample of the industry can present [13,16,19,23]. Additionally, removals of organic matter from 8 to 32% were observed for COD, where AL(A) system showed a better performance on average.…”

Section: Arrangement Of Spongy Supportsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Sample 1 had total phenolic compounds concentration higher than 230 mg L -1 , which was considered high according to other studies with in this subject [12,13,19]. Sample 2, used between days 33 and 69 and HRT 1.95 d, showed a BOD 5 /COD ratio below 0.2, and total phenolic compound concentrations near 400 mg L -1 , indicating an effluent less conducive to biological treatments [19]. Sample 3, used between days 70 and 89 and HRT 1.85 d, also showed a better profile for biological treatment, with BOD 5 /COD ratio of 0.33 and with the lowest TPC concentration (113 mg L -1 ) [16].…”

Section: Arrangement Of Spongy Supportmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Sample 1, used between days 1 and 32 of the treatment by aerated lagoons and HRT of 1.35 d, showed a BOD 5 /COD ratio favorable to the biological treatment (0.35) [12,13]. Sample 1 had total phenolic compounds concentration higher than 230 mg L -1 , which was considered high according to other studies with in this subject [12,13,19]. Sample 2, used between days 33 and 69 and HRT 1.95 d, showed a BOD 5 /COD ratio below 0.2, and total phenolic compound concentrations near 400 mg L -1 , indicating an effluent less conducive to biological treatments [19].…”

Section: Arrangement Of Spongy Supportmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The analytical parameters were: Biochemical Oxygen Demand -BOD 5 and Chemical Oxygen Demand -COD [18]; Total Phenolic Compounds -TPC (UV 215nm ), colour (Vis 440nm ), aromatic compounds (UV 254nm ), lignin derived compounds (UV 280nm ) and lignosulfonic acid (UV 346nm ) [19,20], in samples filtered with nitrocellulose membrane of 0.45 µm porosity, which were monitored during continuous biological treatment.…”

Section: Figure 1 Spongy Support Aquaporousgel ® (Apg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of aerated lagoon modified with spongy support medium treating Kraft pulp mill effluent

Peitz

Xavier

2019

Rev.Fac.Ing.Univ.Antioquia

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The pulp industry generates high effluent flows, which contain high chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), colour and ecotoxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment of Kraft pulp effluent by aerated lagoon modified with sponge support media (APG). It was assessed the arrangement of the support media in the aerated lagoons in the organic load rate (OLR) of 0.2 kgCOD m-3 d-1, and after that, with OLR variation from 0.2 to 1.2 kgCOD m-3 d-1. The parameters evaluated were BOD5, COD, colour, lignin derivatives, total phenolic compounds and acute ecotoxicity in D. magna. COD and BOD5 removals were 32% and 88%, respectively, for free and confined support media in 0.2 kgCOD m-3 d-1. There was no colour or total phenolic compounds removal under these conditions. Considering the treatment in which there was a variation of the organic load rate, 1.2 kgCOD m-3 d-1 had the best performance. In this case, 50% and 75% of COD and BOD5 were removed, respectively. Removal of colour, total phenolic compounds and lignin derivatives were around 20%, 18% and 10%, respectively. The acute ecotoxicity was reduced to toxicity factor equal to 1 in all treatments. Comparing the aerated lagoon modified systems with those without the APG, it was suggested to apply spongy support in higher organic load rate than these typically used in aerated lagoons.

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Section: Arrangement Of Spongy Supportsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Arrangement Of Spongy Supportmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Arrangement Of Spongy Supportmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Figure 1 Spongy Support Aquaporousgel ® (Apg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of aerated lagoon modified with spongy support medium treating Kraft pulp mill effluent

Peitz

Xavier

2019

Rev.Fac.Ing.Univ.Antioquia

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“…Special attention has been directed toward plant sterols metabolites as androstenedione for being an active hormonally compound capable of inducing androgenic effects in organisms (Malaviya and Gomes 2008;Lambert and Edwards 2017). This compound has been found in kraft mill effluents, even after being treated by activated sludge (Chamorro et al 2016a) at a concentration of 2.4 nM sediment near to discharge and 0.14 nM in the water column (Jenkins et al 2001(Jenkins et al , 2003; Van den Heuvel et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Study Comparing Daphnia obtusa (Kurz 1874) and Daphnia magna (Straus 1820) Exposure to Treated Kraft Mill Effluents, Diethylstilbestrol, and Androstenedione

et al. 2017

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Kraft mill effluents treated by activated sludge show a reduction in acute toxicity. However, their discharges produce hormonal effects in an aquatic ecosystem, due to the sterols metabolites as androstenedione contained in the effluents. Daphnids bioassays are a powerful approach for determining toxicity. However, there are relative sensitivities depending on the species. The main objective of this study is to determine the sensitivity of D. magna and D. obtusa when exposed to kraft mill effluents, diethylstilboestrol (DES), and androstenedione (AED). The sensitivities were tested using acute bioassay exposed to kraft pulp mill. Moreover, the allometric growth rate of both daphnids affected by DES and AED regarding time were also evaluated for a period of nine days. Variation in the ratio between body length and body width -at the abdominal cavity -over time (k index) was evaluated. Results indicated that AED and DES compounds affected the allometric growth rate of daphnids. Specifically D. magna exhibited more sensitivity when it was exposed to kraft pulp mill.

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Aerobic post‐treatment of effluent from anaerobic reactors fed with residues from 1G and 2G sugarcane biorefineries

Procópio

Aquino

Adarme

2022

Water Environment Research

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This study aimed to evaluate an activated sludge system as a post‐treatment step of anaerobic effluents from the co‐digestion of sugarcane vinasse and hemicelluloses hydrolysate. The system consisted, initially, of a two‐stage anaerobic system followed by a continuously fed activated sludge, all in bench scale. After adaptation of aerobic microorganisms to effluent conditions, the anaerobic digestion was conducted in a single‐stage anaerobic reactor, increasing the influent organic loading rate (OLR) of activated sludge from 0.73 to an average of 2.36 gCOD/L·day. Under optimal conditions (12‐h hydraulic retention time [HRT]), a 62 ± 9% efficiency was observed on the aerobic post‐treatment, resulting in effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 414.3 ± 95 mg/L. Overall efficiency of the combined system (anaerobic + aerobic) averaged 88 ± 3%. Influent and effluent characteristics were then analyzed by Folin‐Ciocalteau method, UV–Vis spectrophotometry, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) for identification of potentially toxic and recalcitrant compounds. Compounds that absorb light within the visible spectra were well removed by the combined treatment system. Most compounds identified by GC–MS in the influent were completely removed by aerobic microorganisms. Saturated fatty acids such as adipic acid, hexadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid were observed in the final effluent, as well as other potentially toxic compounds such as stigmasterol, di‐isobutyl phthalate, and benzene. Activated sludge proved to be an efficient post‐treatment for anaerobic co‐digestion, able to cope with changes of anaerobic effluent quality and providing a final effluent of stable organic load. However, phenol removal was not efficient and further studies could be performed to optimize its degradation. Practitioner Points Conventional activated sludge with a 12‐h HRT was capable of handling significant OLR variation, providing a final effluent with lower and stable COD concentration. Glucose addition for carbon supplementation was necessary during the start‐up of activated sludge. Compounds that absorb light within the visible spectra were mostly removed by the combined (anaerobic–aerobic) treatment system. Most potentially toxic compounds were well removed in the post‐treatment system. Saturated fatty acids, VFA, phenols, and low molecular weight aromatic compounds remained in the final effluent.

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Removal of stigmasterol from Kraft mill effluent by aerobic biological treatment with steroidal metabolite detection

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

Evaluation of aerated lagoon modified with spongy support medium treating Kraft pulp mill effluent

Evaluation of aerated lagoon modified with spongy support medium treating Kraft pulp mill effluent

Sensitivity Study Comparing Daphnia obtusa (Kurz 1874) and Daphnia magna (Straus 1820) Exposure to Treated Kraft Mill Effluents, Diethylstilbestrol, and Androstenedione

Aerobic post‐treatment of effluent from anaerobic reactors fed with residues from 1G and 2G sugarcane biorefineries

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