Removal of Refractory Organics from Water by Aeration. I. Methyl Chloroform

Abstract

A mathematical model for the removal of volatile organics from water by aeration and by solvent sublation into an organic phase is presented. The model includes the effect of the finite rate of solute mass transfer from the aqueous into the vapor phase.Results are calculated for the removal of I , 1,l -trichloroethane (TCE) chloroform, and benzene from water with I-octanol, anisole, or kerosene as the organic phase. Experimental data on the aeration of TCE and on its solvent sublation into I-octanol are in good agreement with the model. Small bubbles and long water columns greatly reduce the inefficiency of the process caused by mass transfer rate limitations.

A mathematical model and mechanism of sublation of dye-surfactant ion complexes

“…Most of these studies have focused on the removal of organic pollutants from aqueous systems, such as alkyl phthalate, volatile chlorinated organics, dichlorobenzenes, nitrophenols, polynuclear aromatics and chlorinated pesticides [5,6,7,8,9,10,11], and the emission of volatile organic compounds (volatile chlorinated organics and toluene) to the atmosphere in the solvent sublation [12,13]. Other studies concern the solvent sublation of dyes in aqueous solution, such as the separation of methyl orange from rhodamine B [14,15], the solvent sublation of bromophenol blue-hexadecyl pyridium chloride ion pair [16], magaenta (a cationic dye) with sodium lauryl sulfate [17] and direct red and acid red (two anionic dyes) with hexadecyltrimethylammonium ions [18,19].…”

The removal of humic acids from water by solvent sublation

“…Most of these studies have been focused on the removal of organic pollutants from aqueous systems, such as alkyl phthalate, volatile chlorinate organics, dichlorobenzenes, nitrophenols, polynuclear aromatics, and chlorinated pesticides [6][7][8][9][10][11], and the emission of volatile organic compounds (volatile chlorinated organics and toluene) to atmosphere in the solvent sublation [12,13]. Other studies are the solvent sublation of dyes in the aqueous solution, such as removal of bromophenol blue from water by solvent sublation with hexadecyl pyridium chloride into isopentanol [14,15], the separation of methyl orange from Rhodamine B [16], the solvent sublation of the methyl orange-hexadecyltrimethylammonium ion pair [17], Magenta (a cationic dye) with sodium lauryl sulfate [18], and Direct Red and Acid Red (two anionic dyes) with hexadecyltrimethylammonium ion [19,20].…”

Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds to the Atmosphere in the Solvent Sublation Process. II. Volatile Chlorinated Organic Compounds

“…Solvent sublation has been investigated for the removal of various toxic chlorinated organic compounds from water solutions. These include methyl chloroform (3), chlorobenzene (4), 1,4-and 1,2-dichIorobenzene (4, 6), heptachlor and hydroxychlordene (7), hexachlorobutadiene (8), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (6,8,9), 2,3,6-trichloroanisole (6), Arochlor 1254, a commercial PCB mixture (3, pentachlorophenol (6, 9-1 l), and chlorinated organic pesticides p,p'-DDT (4), endrin, and lindane (5).…”