Removal of Reactive Anionic Dyes from Binary Solutions by Adsorption onto Quaternized Kenaf Core Fiber

Abstract

The most challenging mission in wastewater treatment plants is the removal of anionic dyes, because they are water-soluble and produce very shining colours in the water. In this regard, kenaf core fiber (KCF) was chemically modified by the quaternized agent (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride to increase surface area and change the surface properties in order to improve the removing reactive anionic dyes from binary aqueous solution. The influencing operating factors like dye concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, and contact time were examined in a batch mode. The results indicate that the percentage of removal of Reactive Red-RB (RR-RB) and Reactive Black-5 (RB-5) dyes from binary solution was increased with increasing dyes concentrations and the maximum percentage of removal reached up to 98.4% and 99.9% for RR-RB and RB-5, respectively. Studies on effect of pH showed that the adsorption was not significantly influenced by pH. The equilibrium analyses explain that, in spite of the extended Langmuir model failure to describe the data in the binary system, it is better than the Jain and Snoeyink model in describing the adsorption behavior of binary dyes onto QKCF. Also, the pseudo-second-order model was better to represent the adsorption kinetics for RR-RB and RB-5 dyes on QKCF.

Simultaneous Adsorption of Cationic Dyes from Binary Solutions by Thiourea-Modified Poly(acrylonitrile-co-acrylic acid): Detailed Isotherm and Kinetic Studies

“…This is attributed to the fact that adsorption was directly proportional to more concentration gradient at the initial stage, where migration and convection led to greater mass transfer from the bulk solution to TMPAA surface and its reactive binding sites. This result trend is in agreement with the findings of Mishra et al (2017); Alqadami et al (2018); Asfaram et al (2017) and Idan et al, (2017) who also worked on adsorption of dyes [48,49,50,51].…”

Simultaneous Adsorption of Malachite Green and Methylene Blue Dyes in a Fixed-Bed Column Using Poly(Acrylonitrile-Co-Acrylic Acid) Modified with Thiourea

“…Therefore, the adsorption of binary cationic dyes at breakthrough and exhaustion were quite greater at high concentrations because higher concentrations effect a stronger driving force and smaller mass resistance for dye uptake in a continuous column study. This phenomenon was also reported by López-Cervantes et al (2017) and for column adsorption of azo dye and anionic acid dye, respectively [36,37].…”

Adsorption of malachite green in a fixed-bed columns by Thiourea modified poly(acrylonitrile-co-acrylic acid)

“…Diffusion of MG cations from the solution to the adsorbent surface is often boosted by the concentration gradient developed at the interface. Similar observation was reported before by [31,52]. Maximum residence or contact time between adsorbate and adsorbent is essential for effective column operation.…”