Removal of phenol by lignin-based activated carbon as an efficient adsorbent for adsorption of phenolic wastewater

Spherical Lignin-Derived Activated Carbons for the Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Media

“…At the same time, the contribution of microporosity in the total porosity changes from 87% to 58%. Similar relationships are also presented by a series of materials obtained by the DRY modification, but have also been observed in the previous studies for Kraft lignin or corn straw lignin, activated with potassium compounds [ 47 , 58 ]. It should therefore be stated that the increase in carbonization temperature favors the formation of the hierarchical porosity of the lignin-derived activated carbons.…”

“…For example, within the WET series, there is an increase in S BET = 771 m 2 •g −1 (S Langmuir = 1116 m 2 •g −1 ) and V total = 0.419 cm 3 •g −1 (V micro = 0.365 cm 3 •g −1 ) for the material carbonized at 600 • C to S BET = 1851 m 2 •g −1 (S Langmuir = 2732 m 2 •g −1 ) and V total = 1.162 cm 3 •g −1 (V micro = 0.677 cm 3 •g −1 ), following thermal treatment at 900 • C. At the same time, the contribution of microporosity in the total porosity changes from 87% to 58%. Similar relationships are also presented by a series of materials obtained by the DRY modification, but have also been observed in the previous studies for Kraft lignin or corn straw lignin, activated with potassium compounds [47,58]. It should therefore be stated that the increase in carbonization temperature favors the formation of the hierarchical porosity of the lignin-derived activated carbons.…”

Biomass‐Derived Carbon Materials for the Adsorption of Organic Pollutants

“…The commonly used alkaline activators mainly include KOH and NaOH. [ 187,188 ] Emrooz et al. [ 170 ] prepared active carbon by using Azolla as the raw material and NaOH as the activator (Table 2).…”

“…[185,186] Alkali Activators: The commonly used alkaline activators mainly include KOH and NaOH. [187,188] Emrooz et al [170] prepared active carbon by using Azolla as the raw material and NaOH as the activator (Table 2). The enhanced adsorption toward dye molecules could result from the large specific surface area (1437 m 2 g −1 ) and the worm-like porous structure composed of a large number of micropores.…”

Fabrication of silica/calcium alginate nanocomposite based on rice husk ash for efficient adsorption of phenol from water

“…The rst factor that possibly responsible for the reduction in the adsorption process is the competition between phenol molecules and H 3 O + which prevents phenol molecules from reaching the surface of the adsorbent. 41,42 Second, the phenol molecules and the solid adsorbent surface are both positively charged at lower pH values, which inhibits the adsorption process. Where, at pH < pH PZC the solid surfaces are positively charged.…”