Removal of organics in constructed wetlands with horizontal sub-surface flow: A review of the field experience

Organic xenobiotics removal in constructed wetlands, with emphasis on the importance of the support matrix

“…This type of approach attempts to exploit the ability of plants to adsorb, uptake and concentrate or metabolize organic xenobiotics, as well as to release root exudates that enhance biotransformation and microbial degradation of those organics. The implementation of phytotechnologies such as constructed wetland systems (CWS) is becoming a popular option [33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. These systems are increasingly being used to provide a form of secondary, tertiary or quaternary treatment for wastewaters, and have already been used with success to remove several organic xenobiotics of various classes from contaminated waters [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53].…”

Optimización del tratamiento de aguas residuales de cultivos de flores usando humedales construidos de flujo subsuperficial horizontal

“…Los humedales construidos de flujo subsuperficial son utilizados como tratamientos secundarios o terciarios, con la finalidad de contribuir a pulir efluentes con concentraciones de dqo menores de 1000 mg/L [17,18,19]. Al afluente del sistema de tratamiento secundario con humedales posterior a la aplicación del peróxido de hidrogeno y el sulfato ferroso, y las modificaciones realizadas en los diferentes procesos del sistema de tratamiento, ingresaron aguas residuales con dqo y dbo 5 de 2780 mg/L y 209 mg/L respectivamente.…”

“…A pesar de tener concentraciones de dqo en el afluente del sistema de tratamiento secundario con humedales, tres veces mayores a las recomendadas, los humedales lograron remover 529,89 mg/L de dqo, probablemente por la acción de los microorganismos, como los heterótrofos aerobios, anaerobios y otros que utilizaron los compuestos orgánicos del agua para la producción de biomasa [18]. A pesar de la notable remoción de dqo, en los efluentes de los humedales continuaba una alta concentración (2450 mg/L), lo que indica que las cargas que ingresen al sistema secundario deben ser más bajas, tal como lo recomiendan varios investigadores [17][18][19]. Además, gran parte de esta fracción no era biodegradable, dado que la dbo 5 en el afluente de los humedales fue de 209 mg/L.…”

Phytoremediation Potential of Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Constructed Wetland Treatment

“…Furthermore, the CW treatment always been chosen due to low operation of operation and maintenance cost compared to the other treatment alternatives. The CWs were catch attention as reported by various researchers in treatment of domestic sewage, agricultural effluent, industrial effluent, landfill leachates, aquacultures effluent and runoff [23]. The CW systems shows better organics and suspended solid removal in the wastewater treatment [23].…”

“…The CWs were catch attention as reported by various researchers in treatment of domestic sewage, agricultural effluent, industrial effluent, landfill leachates, aquacultures effluent and runoff [23]. The CW systems shows better organics and suspended solid removal in the wastewater treatment [23]. The major mechanism of CWs for wastewater treatment is the interaction among substrate (media), plants and microorganisms through a series of physical, chemical and biological process [24].…”