Removal of organic micropollutants using membrane-assisted processes: a review of recent progress

Triclosan removal by NF from a real drinking water source – Effect of natural organic matter

“…However, all these studies were either with synthetic water matrices spiked with micropollutants and NOM [8,[13][14][15] or real water sources spiked with some micropollutants [17], but not NOM. Most recently, in their comprehensive review, Ojajuni et al [18] further confirmed that the removal of micropollutants by membrane processes is very complex as governed by different parameters such as membrane characteristics, aqueous media/solute characteristics, operating conditions, membrane fouling, micropollutants characteristics as well as physicochemical phenomenal activities occurring during membrane processes. Regarding aqueous media characteristics, the different ionic substances present in the feed water have been stated to affect the removal of organics by changing the interactions between the membrane and the organic compounds [13,14].…”

“…Meanwhile, re-increase observed in the permeate TCS at around 50th hour was attributed to possible desorption of TCS from the permeate side of the system that will be in contact with permeated water, which will be lower in TCS concentration. Ojajuni et al [18] recently have reported that organic micropollutant absorption into the membrane pore structure is one of the possible removal mechanisms that appear to be reasonable. Though, it is arguable because of the complexity involved and vast variety of membrane material and structure available.…”

“…In addition, when negatively charged TCS is removed by sorption, redistribution would occur resulting in conversion of the ionized TCS to the non-ionized form and therefore major form controlling the retention of TCS would be the uncharged TCS [20]. Ojajuni et al [18] Fig. 3.…”

Synthesis, characterization, and performance analysis of carbon molecular sieve‐embedded polyethersulfone mixed‐matrix membranes for the removal of dissolved ions

“…So far, numerous materials and techniques have been developed to overcome these deficiencies. The various techniques, that is, functionalization of polymeric surfaces, grafting, and etching, have been adopted to improve the surface characteristics and the overall performance of the membranes (Ojajuni, Saroj, & Cavalli, 2015; Qadir et al, 2016).…”

Rejection of Caffeine and Carbamazepine by Surface-Coated PVDF Hollow-Fiber Membrane System

“…In this study, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59the coated surface has properties suitable for promoting hydrophobic interaction/adsorption of hydrophobic pollutants as well as rejection by size exclusion (Figure 8.). Sorption of pollutants to the membrane surface through hydrophobic interaction/adsorption is expected since coating layer and resulting rough morphology provides more sorption sites [9][10][11]13,17 . Although, Polystyrene can be used as a surface charge regulator and so it is mostly charged in aqueous solution 51 ; however, the MOMP studied are both uncharged in deionised water 13,47 , therefore charge interaction between the surface of the coated membrane and the MOMP are not expected to contribute to their removal in the filtration test.…”